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Step 2 CK > USPSTF Guidelines/ UVA Questions > Flashcards

USPSTF Guidelines/ UVA Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Who gets screened for AAA

A

Men ages 65-75 who have ever smoked get one time screening with ultrasound

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2
Q

Men 65-75 who have never smoked…. screen for AAA?

A

No recommendation for or against

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3
Q

Who gets alcohol misuse screening?

A

All adults

?teenagers– not for or against

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4
Q

Who gets ASA for prevention of CAD?

A

Men 45-79

Women 55-79

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5
Q

At what % risk in men does the risk of CAD outweigh the risk of potential GI bleed caused by ASA use?

A

45-59: 4%
60-69: 9%
70-79: 12%

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6
Q

At what % risk in women does the risk of CAD outweigh the risk of potential GI bleed caused by ASA use?

A

55-59: 3%
60-69: 8%
70-79: 11%

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7
Q

Aspirin– under 45 and above 80?

A

NO

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8
Q

ASA/NSAIDs for the prevention of colon cancer?

A

NO

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9
Q

Bacterial vaginosis diagnosis/screening?

A

Dont screen unless symptomatic
If symptomatic…
pH above 4.7; clue cells; fishy odor

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10
Q

Treatment for BV

A

metro or clinda

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11
Q

When to screen for asymptomatic bacteruria?

A

All pregnant women

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12
Q

Principal treatment of bladder cancer?

A

Transurethral resection

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13
Q

Clues to screen for BRCA

A

history in fam of:

  • before age 50
  • bilateral
  • breast + ovarian
  • male
  • fam w/ 2+ BRCA cancers
  • Ashenkazi
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14
Q

How to intervene in BRCA+ patients?

A
  • more frequent screening
  • meds (tam/raloxifene)
  • surgery (mastectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy)
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15
Q

Tamoxifen/Raloxifen:

Which to use in postmenopausal

A

raloxifene- postmenopausal

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16
Q

How gets mammograms?

A

50-74 q2 years

**Stop at 75

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17
Q

Mammo-Screen ages 40-49?

A

individualized decision

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18
Q

Benefits of breast feeding for momma

A

decreased breast/ovarian cancer rates

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19
Q

Benefits of breast feeding for infant

A

-less ear infections, LRTI, GI infections

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20
Q

Benefits of breast feeding in young children

A

less asthma, DMII, obesity

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21
Q

In what circumstances is breast feeding not reccomended?

A

galactosemia

HIV

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22
Q

When to screen for carotid artery stenosis?

A

Dont– screen for HTN, HLP, smoking etc.

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23
Q

What populations do not get pap smears

A

younger than 21, older than 65 (if prior were normal)

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24
Q

At what age can HPV co-testing be done with paps?

A

30+

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25
Q

How often should paps be done in ages 21-65

A

q3 years

q5 if co-testing negative

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26
Q

Who gets screened for chlamydia when asx?

A

patients 24 and younger that are sexually active

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27
Q

When to screen asx pts age 25+ for chlamydia

A

if at increased risk

sex workers, history STDs, other STD, etc

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28
Q

When to screen pregnant women for chlamydia?

A

1st trimester if younger/equal to 24 or at increased risk.

3rd trimester if at continuing risk

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29
Q

How to screen for CKD?

Should we?

A

GFR/microalbumin/creatinine

No reccomendation for or against

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30
Q

Risks for COPD

A

smoking, pollutant exposure, older than 40

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31
Q

Diagnostic test for COPD

A

spirometry, but dont screen if asx

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32
Q

How to prevent pulm illness?

3

A

smoking cessation
annual flu shot 50+
one time pnuemo at 65+

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33
Q

Drug treatments for memory

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

memantine

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34
Q

What age group gets screened for colorectal cancer?

A

50-75

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35
Q

Methods of colorectal screening

A
  • q1 FOBT
  • q5 sigmoidoscopy w/ q3 FOBT
  • q10 colonoscopy
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36
Q

Screening for CAD?

A

no… no stress, EKG, etc.

Just calculate risk to decide upon preventative treatment

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37
Q

When to screen for depression in adults

A

always if care supports are in place

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38
Q

When to screen for DM

A

asx adults with BP greater than 135/80

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39
Q

Reccomended DM screening

A

FPG, positive if greater than 126x2

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40
Q

Falls prevention

A

exercise

vitamin D

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41
Q

Folic acid dose for preggos

A

0.4-0.8 ug daily
start 1 month before pregnancy, continue through first trimester

**Dose may be higher with history of NTD, antiepileptics etc.

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42
Q

Dose of folic acid if momma has prior pregnancy with NTD

A

4mg/d

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43
Q

When to screen for HSV in pregnancy?

A

Dont.

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44
Q

When to screen preggos for GDM

A

24+ weeks

GTT 24-28 weeks

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45
Q

Glaucoma screening in primary care:

A

dont

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46
Q

When to screen for gonorrhea

A 
sexually active under 25;
pregnant women (at risk) at first visit-- again in 3rd trimester if still at risk
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47
Q

Treatment for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone (or other 3rd gen cephalosporin)

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48
Q

When to screen for hearing

A

Not really reccomended but can easily ask/do finger rub test/do watch tick test

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49
Q

Treatment for hemachromatosis

A

therapeutic phlebotomy

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50
Q

When/how to screen for HBV in pregnancy?

A

first trimester– HBsAg

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51
Q

How to handle infant exposed to HBV

A

give HBV IVIG and vaccine immediately, breast feeding is ok

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52
Q

Who gets screened for HCV?

A
  • risky behaviors/prison
  • transfusion before 1992
  • birth between 1945-1965
  • hemodialysis
  • HCV infected mother
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53
Q

Treatment of HCV

A

interferon and ribavirin

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54
Q

Adults with HTN should also be screened for ___, ___.

A

HLP, DM

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55
Q

Who gets screened for HIV?

A

15-65, older or younger with risk. Anyone pregnant

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56
Q

White race is risk for ____ eye condition. Black race is risk for ______ eye condition.

A

white- ARMD

black- cataracts

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57
Q

Screen all adult women for ____

A

Intimate Partner Violence

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58
Q

Lipid Screening- who gets it?

A

men 35+
women 45+ 4
if have risks

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59
Q

Reasonable interval for lipid screening?

A

q5 years

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60
Q

Screening for lung cancer

A

55-80 smokers (unless quit more than 15 years ago). Annually until 80 or have stopped smoking for more than 15 years.

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61
Q

UPSTSF recs for HRT

A

dont do it.

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62
Q

When to refer obesity to multicomponent behavioral interventions

A

BMI 30 or more

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63
Q

Who gets DEXAs

A

65 and up or younger with risk equal to 65 year old

64
Q

How to test for ovarian cancer?

A

TVUS + CA125 (but not if asx)

65
Q

How to test for PAD?

A

ABIs but not if asx

66
Q

USPSTF rec on PSA

A

Dont

67
Q

When to screen pregnant women for Syphilis

A

first visit with VDRL/RPR

confirm with FTA-ABS

68
Q

When to screen blood lead levels in kids

A

only if symptomatic

69
Q

When to screen for congenital hypothyroidism

A

All 50 states; between days 2-4 of life.

If earlier, will be falsely elevated

70
Q

Pavlik harness forces hip in what position?

A

abduction

71
Q

How to prevent ocular gonococcus

A

all newborn infants erythromycin in eyes w/in 24 hours of birth

72
Q

When to get hearing screen for babies?

A

All should get within first month of life (usually in hospital)

73
Q

Treatment of childhood hypertension

A

lifestyle if stage 1, meds not recommended

74
Q

In what group is IDA screening recommended

A

pregnant women

75
Q

Who should get iron supplements

A

babies 6-12 mos at risk of IDA

76
Q

When to screen lipids in kiddos

A

dont

77
Q

When kids to screen for depression

A

12-18 when there are supports in place; may consider SSRI if can follow

78
Q

Which peds age groups get screened for obesity

A

6+

79
Q

When and how to screen for PKU

A

all newborns; Guth Bacterial Inhibition Assay

80
Q

When and how to screen for SCA

A

Thin layer isoelectric focusing (IEF); high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

All newborns

81
Q

Newborn conditions that must be screened in all 50 states

A

PKU; SCA; Hypothyroid

82
Q

How to handle infant with SCA

A

penicillin by age 2 months

pneumococcal immunizations as scheduled

83
Q

When to start screening kids’ vision

A

ages 3-5

84
Q

Vaccine given at birth

A

Hep B

85
Q

Vaccines given at 2 months

A

DR HIP + Hep B

DTaP, Rota, Hib, IPV, PCV13

86
Q

Vaccines given at 4 months

A

DR HIP

87
Q

Vaccines given at 6 months

A

DIP + flu PRN, 2 doses first season

88
Q

12-15 month vaccines

A 
MMRV 
DTaP
Hep A (x2)
PCV13 
Hib
89
Q

4-5 year vaccines

A

DIM
DTaP
IPV
MMRV

90
Q

11-12 year vaccines

A

meningococcal
TDaP
start HPV series

91
Q

16 year old vaccines

A

meningococcal

92
Q

Age to give zostavax

A

60, 1 dose

93
Q

Adult age to give PPSV23

A

65 x 1 dose

94
Q

Which vaccine is given q10

A

Td

95
Q

Appropriate screening for thyroid

A

starting at 35, then q5

96
Q

Suspect SAH but get no CT findings next step

A

LP

97
Q

Workup for breast lump age 35 and under? over?

A

under- ultrasound

over- mammogram

98
Q

Pinworms name

A

enterobious

99
Q

How to confirm myasthenia diagnosis

A

trial of edrophonium IV

100
Q

Cocktail for COPDE

A

corticosteroids
antibiotics
bronchodilators

101
Q

IDA in male must rule out

A

colon cancer

102
Q

What are the microcytic anemias?

A 
TAILS 
thal 
anemia chronic disease 
iron def 
lead 
sideroblastic
103
Q

Which lipid marker is most important to patient outcome

A

LDL

104
Q

What is goal LDL?

A

no risks- 160
many risks- 130
known CAD- 100

105
Q

What meds effect HDL? triglycerides?

A

HDL- niacin

TRIG- fibrates

106
Q

Whats the target a1c for DMII

A

7.0

107
Q

Specific ab for scleroderma

A

anti-centromere

108
Q

Hallmark lab for polymyalgia rheumatic?

Treatment?

A

high ESR

steroids

109
Q

Granulocytopenia (low neutros), splenomegaly, RA =

A

Feltys

110
Q

Pt with increasing hat size, going deaf, tibial bowing. Dx? Lab?

A

Pagets– mosaic bone, high alk phos

111
Q

Which patients cant use IUDs

A

young ones not also using barrier protection because risk STDs

112
Q

OCPs and ovarian cancer?

A

decreased risk

113
Q

VWD labs

A

normal PT/PTT but increased bleeding time

can sometimes get increased PTT

114
Q

Treatment physiological cyst

A

6cm or less observe

115
Q

Appearance dermoid/teratomas on ovarian imaging

A

calcifications

116
Q

Define short stature

A

2SD below avg –> do bone age

117
Q

Contrast familial and constitutional short stature

A

familial- bone age is actual age

constitutional bone lags behind actual

118
Q

How to choose gout prophylaxis

A

urinary uric acid
if low– probenecid.
if high– allopurinol

119
Q

Treatment ITP

A

high dose steroids

120
Q

Rhabdo first intervention

A

IVF

121
Q

Causes of cough more than 3 weeks.

A

post-nasal drip (allergic)
asthma
GERD

122
Q

Heparin affects what lab?

A

ptt

123
Q

Patient gets PE while anticoagulated what is next step?

A

IVC filter

124
Q

Nitroprusside caveat

A

NEED inpatient admission

125
Q

Treatment of cocaine induced HTN

A

labetolol blocks a and b

126
Q

CHFE most important dx step

A

echo

don’t need BUN if its obvious theyre in failure

127
Q

New onset enuresis labs

A

urinalysis

128
Q

AIDS px starts at what CDC count

A

200

129
Q

AIDs px at 200

A

Bactrim for PCP

130
Q

AIDs px at 100

A

Bactrim for toxo

131
Q

AIDs px at 50

A

Azithro for MAC

132
Q

What is a +PPD in AIDs

A

5MM

133
Q

Congenital toxo triad

A

hydrocephalus
intracranial calcifications
retinitis

134
Q

congenital rubella triad

A

cataracts
blueberry muffin rash
deafness

135
Q

Isolated elevated opening pressure on LP =

A

cryptococcal meiningitis

136
Q

Anatomical cause of RPL

A

incompetent cervix

137
Q

Palpable cordlike structure under skin + fever=

A

thrombophlebitis

138
Q

Thrombophlebitis treatment

A

NSAIDs rest ice

139
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies=

A

PBC (bitches, maternal, mitochondira)

140
Q

Sudden vertigo + peripheral nystagmus prevented by fixating… follows viral illness. DX?

A

labrynthitis

141
Q

Mild comedonal acne treatment

A

creams…

retinoid or salicylic/glycolid acid or benzoyl peroxide

142
Q

Non gap acidosis causes

A

GI bicarb loss

RTA

143
Q

Anion gap equation and normal value

A

Na- (Cl+HCO3) =8-16

144
Q

How to dx menopause

A

FSH

145
Q

How to determine if asthma exacerbation is worsening

A

CO2 ^ and less wheeze

146
Q

VCUG management

A

px until gone

147
Q

Injectible PDEi for patients with ED on nitro

A

alprostadil

148
Q

Normal pressure hydrocephalus MRI findings

A

large ventricles normal brain

149
Q

Mastitis management

A

cover staph, keep breast feeding

150
Q

MCC nephrotic syndrome in peds

A

minimal change disease

151
Q

Minimal change symptoms and labs

A

proteinuria
edema
hypoalbuminemia
hyperlipidemia

152
Q

Minimal change histopath

A

fusion of foot processes

153
Q

Congo red /apple green birefringence= buzz words for?

A

amyloidsosis

154
Q

MC correct maintenance fluids

A

5-10 dextrose + 1/4 normal saline + KCL usuallt 20

155
Q

Diverticulitis abx

A

Cipro + metro

also good for diabetic foot wounds

156
Q

Prostatitis empiric tx

A

Bactrim

Step 2 CK (8 decks)

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