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High-Yield Stuff > USMLE- classic treatment > Flashcards

USMLE- classic treatment Flashcards

1
Q

Absence Seizures

A

Ethosuximide, VPA if with tonic-clonic

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2
Q

Acute Gout Attack

A

NSAIDs, Colchicine

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3
Q

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans vitamin A (Retinoic Acid)

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

Alcohol Abuse

A

AA + disulfiram

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6
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

A

Benzos

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

SSRIs (Really?)

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during Pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

GAD

A

Buspirone

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10
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainamide)

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11
Q

B12 deficiency

A

B12 (I don’t buy it)

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12
Q

BPH

A

Tamsulosin, Finasteride

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13
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

Li, VPA, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine (mood stabilizers) + atypical antipsychotics

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14
Q

Breast Cancer in Post-menopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitors (Anaztrazole, Exemestane)

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15
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation (thromboangiitis obliterans)

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16
Q

Bulimia

A

SSRIs

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17
Q

Candida

A

Systemic? Amphotericin B, Nystatin (thrush, esophagitis)

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18
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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19
Q

Chlamydia Trachomatis

A

Doxycycline or azithromycin (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (ppx for infants)

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20
Q

Chronic Gout

A

Allopurinol (overproducers), Probenecid (underexcretor)

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21
Q

Chronic Hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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22
Q

CML

A

Imatinib

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23
Q

Clostridium Botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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24
Q

C. Difficile

A

PO metronidazole/ PO Vancomycin

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25
Q

C. Tetani

A

Antitoxin, vaccine booster, diazepam

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26
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

corticosteroids, infliximab (anti TNF)

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27
Q

Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

Fluconazole (ppx in AIDS)

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28
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

N-Acetylcysteine and anti-pseudomonal ppx (tobramycin/azithromycin)

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29
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir

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30
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs

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31
Q

DI

A

Desmopressin (central); HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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32
Q

Type 1 DM

A

Dietary intervention (low sugar), insulin

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33
Q

Type 2 DM

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, insulin

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34
Q

DKA

A

Fluids, insulin, K

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35
Q

Enterococcus

A

Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminglycoside

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36
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil

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37
Q

ER-positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen, raloxifene

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38
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

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39
Q

H. Flu B

A

Rifampin Ppx

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40
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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41
Q

Heparin toxicity (rare)

A

Protamine Sulfate

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42
Q

HER2/new-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

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43
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

44
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, decrease endogenous cholesterol synthesis and increase LDLR)

45
Q

Hypertriglyderidemia

A

Fibrates

46
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

47
Q

Infertility

A

Pulsatile Leuprolide

48
Q

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, Rimantadine

49
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

50
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

51
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont); primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

52
Q

Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene- decreases intracellular Ca by binding to ryanodine receptor and uncoupling excitation and contraction of skeletal muscles

53
Q

Medical Abortion

A

Mifepristone (anti-progestin) and misoprostol (Prostaglandin analog)

54
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

55
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

56
Q

MS

A

Beta interferon, Immunosuppression, Natalizumab (against alpha4 integrin)

57
Q

TB

A

Rifampin, INH, pyrazinmide, ethambutol (RIPE)

58
Q

Neisseria Gonorrheae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxy or azithro for CT)

59
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin for ppx

60
Q

PDA

A

Indomethacin to close, misoprostol to keep open

61
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha antagonists e.g. Phenoxybenzamine

62
Q

PCP

A

TMP-SMX ppx

63
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (DA agonist)

64
Q

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Continuous leuprolide

65
Q

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin (pip tazo) + aminoglycoside, Ceftazadime (3rd gen cephalosporin)

66
Q

Pulmonary Hypertension (Idiopathic)

A

Bosentan, Sildenafil, Epoprostenol

67
Q

Ricketsia Ricketsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (esp in context of aplastic anemia)

68
Q

Teniae (corporis, capitis, cruris, etc)

A

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

69
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

atypical antipsychotics (2nd generation: 5HT2 antagonists)

70
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

typical antipsychotics (1st and 2nd generation, D2 receptor antagonists)

71
Q

SIADH

A

Demeclocycline, Lithium, Vasopressin receptor antagonists

72
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia/Beta thalassemia

A

hydroxyurea (increases HgbF)

73
Q

Sporothrix schenkii (sporotrichosis- rose handler’s disease)

A

oral KI

74
Q

Stable Angina

A

Sublingual Nitroglycerin

75
Q

Staph Aureus

A

MSSA: Nafcillin, Oxacillin,Dicloxacillin (anti-staph PCNs)
MRSA: Vancomycin

76
Q

Strep Bovis

A

PCN ppx - evaluate for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

77
Q

Strep Pneumo

A

PCN/Cephalosporin (systemic inxn, pneumonia), Vancomycin (meningitis)

78
Q

Strep Pyogenes

A

Penicillin ppx

79
Q

Strep Agalactitiae

A

screen week 35-37, intrapartum PCN/ampicillin for ppx

80
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

high dose steroids

81
Q

Tonic Clonic Sz

A

Carbamazepine, VPA, phenytoin

82
Q

Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

83
Q

Treponema Pallidum

A

PCN. Allergic? desensitize, then PCN

84
Q

Trichomonas*

A

PO Metronidazole (pt and partner)

85
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab (anti TNF)

86
Q

UTI

A

TMP-SMX ppx

87
Q

Warfarin OD

A

FFP (acute), Vit K (chronic)

88
Q

Wegener’s

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

89
Q

Narcolepsy

A
  • 1st choice: Modafinil (non-amphetamine stimulant)
  • 2nd choice: Amphetamine, bc of their sympathomimetic side effects (HTN, arrhythmia, psychosis)
  • Night time Rx: Sodium Oxybate (GHB)
90
Q

ALS (Lou Gehrigs)

A

Riluzole = decr presynaptic glutamate release

91
Q

Hairy cell Leukemia

A

Cladribine (Adenosine analog, resistance to Adenosine Deaminase)

92
Q

Lyme

A

Ceftriaxone

Doxycylcine

93
Q

RSV in neonate

A

Ribavirin

94
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonates; calcium and vit D supplementation

95
Q

Arsenic poisoning

A

Dimercaprol

96
Q

Vancomycin Resistant Eneteroccocci

A

Linezolid and Streptogramins (quinupristin/dalfopristin)

97
Q

Ppx of strep pharyngitis in child w prior Rheumatic Fever

A

Oral PCN

98
Q

Ppx of postsurgical infxn due to S. aureus

A

Cefazolin

99
Q

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A
  • Rasburicase (convert uric acid to Allantoin, the drug is a recombinant version of Urate Oxidase)
  • Allopurinol
100
Q

Giardiasis

A

Metronidazole

101
Q

Diptheria

A

Anti-toxin (passive immunity), PCN or erythromycin, Vaccine (for future prevention)

102
Q

Premature ejaculation

A

SSRIs (e.g. Paroxetine)

103
Q

Dimorphic fungi

A
  • Local infxn: Fluconazole, Itraconazole

- Systemic: Amphotericin B

104
Q

Paramyxoviruses

A

Pavlilizumab = anti-F-protein (prevents F-protein of Paramyxoviruses that cause respiratory eptihelial cells to fuse and form multinucleated cells)

105
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Ampicillin

High-Yield Stuff (4 decks)

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