using statistics in biology

Question 1

What are the 2 types of quantitative variables?

Answer 1

Discrete and continuous

Question 2

What are discrete variables?

Answer 2

Have variables that are only limited to certain numbers

Question 3

What are continuous variables?

Answer 3

Contain an unlimited number of values

Question 4

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 4

The variable we measure, the Y axis

Question 5

What is the independent variable?

Answer 5

The variable we change , the X axis

Question 6

What does a positive r value suggest?

Answer 6

Positive correlation

Question 7

What does a negative R value suggest?

Answer 7

Negative correlation

Question 8

What is the R value?

Answer 8

A number between -1 and 1 that tells you the type of correlation

Question 9

What is the R value called?

Answer 9

Correlation coefficient

Question 10

If you are looking for the strength of the relationship or association between IV and DV, what test would you use?

Answer 10

Correlation coefficient

Question 11

When would you use the correlation coefficient test?

Answer 11

If you are looking for the strength of the relationship or association between IV and DV

Question 12

What number can the T value be?

Answer 12

Between -3 and 3

Question 13

What does a t value of 0 mean?

Answer 13

The means are equal

Question 14

What does a positive or negative T value mean?

Answer 14

One mean is greater or smaller than the other

Question 15

When would a T value not be appropriate?

Answer 15

When there is one or more outlier in the data

Question 16

When would you use the student T test?

Answer 16

When comparing two means/sets of data using one number

Question 17

When would you use chi-squared?

Answer 17

When comparing observed and expected results

Question 18

What does it indicate if chi-squared is 0?

Answer 18

There no difference between the observed and the expected result

Question 19

What does a chi-squared value above zero mean?

Answer 19

There’s some difference between the observed results and the expected results

Question 20

Why can’t chi-squared tell us if the observed results are higher or lower than expected results?

Answer 20

It doesn’t have any negative values

Question 21

What sort of data uses chi-squared?

Answer 21

Categorical data- where the IV can only take a limited number of values. Can be non numerical or numerical

Question 22

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 22

A statement we think is correct and can test

Question 23

What is the P value?

Answer 23

The probability of observing results by chance

Question 24

What numbers can a P value be?

Answer 24

Between 0 and 1

Question 25

What does a P value close to 1 mean?

Answer 25

More likely that the results are a coincidence and by chance

Question 26

What is the critical P value?

Answer 26

A value that decides if the P value is too high

Question 27

When is a test result not significant? (P)

Answer 27

When the P value is higher than the critical P value

Question 28

What is the number of the critical P value?

Answer 28

0.05