phylogeny

Question 1

what is phylogeny?

Answer 1

the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms

Question 2

how is phylogeny represented?

Answer 2

evolutionary trees

Question 3

how can you tell the closeness of relation on evolutionary trees?

Answer 3

the more closely related, the closer they appear. Also the more recent in the past they shared a common ancestor, the more closely related they are

Question 4

what does monophyletic mean?

Answer 4

belongs to the same phylogenetic group

Question 5

what do the tips of the branches represent?

Answer 5

the species or other taxa (group) that scientists compare

Question 6

where do branches meet on the phylogenetic trees? what do these represent?

Answer 6

nodes, that represent the common ancestor of the 2 taxa

Question 7

what do scientists call groups that branch out from the same common ancestor on phylogenetic trees?

Answer 7

sister groups

Question 8

what is an ancestor plus all its descendants called in a phylogenetic tree?

Answer 8

clade

Question 9

what do scientists call groups that branch from the trees base but are separate from the other groups?

Answer 9

outgroups

Question 10

how is a phylogenetic system different from a simple hierarchy?

Answer 10

phylogenetic is based on evolutionary history and shows ancestory of groups. Hierarchy is based on shared characteristics

Question 11

explain what is meant by a phylogenetic group

Answer 11

grouped according to evolutionary links/ common ancestor