Using Spreadsheet to Present Information

Question 1

Bar/Column chart

Answer 1

○ Data is shown in the form of a bar
○ Demonstrate and compare amounts or numbers of things
○ Same width but variable in height
○ Very versatile (may represent a different item)
○ Length of each bar indicates the magnitude of the corresponding item

** Visually appealing way of illustration

Question 2

Component column chart/Stacked column chart

Answer 2

Shows component information in each bar

–> horizontal scale

Question 3

Line graphs

Answer 3

○ Demonstrating trends over time
○ Plotting points of information on a grid

Question 4

Dependent & Independent variable , who is who?

Answer 4

X - Independent
Y - Dependent

Question 5

Area charts

Answer 5

○ Display shading in the areas below the lines
○ Colourful visual display –> distinguish data more clearly
○ Emphasize magnitude of change over time

Question 6

Pie charts

Answer 6

A chart used to show pictorially the relative size of components elements of a total

–> Called a pie chart because it is circular & has the shape of pie

Question 7

Converting parts of the total into equivalent degrees of a circle

Answer 7

A complete pie = 360 °
Number of degrees in a circle = 100%

Multiply percentage value by 3.6

Question 8

Advantages of pie chart

Answer 8

○ Give a simple pictorial display of the relative sizes of elements of a total
○ Show clearly when one element is bigger than others
○ Show clearly differences in elements of two different total

Question 9

Disadvantages of pie chart

Answer 9

○ Only show relative sizes
○ Often difficult to compare sector sizes easily (if percentage is not given)

Question 10

Scatter diagram

Answer 10

Used to exhibit data to compare in which two variables vary with each other
–> may or might not appear to follow a trend

If for research/survey purposes
–> use scatter diagram

** Trend line can be identified in scatter diagram (if a trend can be seen)

Question 11

Tables

Answer 11

A simple way of presenting numerical information

○ Two dimensional
○ Only show 2 variables

Question 12

Guidelines in presenting data in tabular form

Answer 12

1) Clear title
2) Columns are clearly labelled
3) Clear sub-totals & right-hand total column (if appropriate) - for comparison
4) Total figure at the bottom of each column - for comparison
5) Table shouldn’t be packed with too much data

Question 13

Why is it important to format spreadsheet ?

Answer 13

○ Information easy to understand
○ Make the spreadsheet visually appealing

Question 14

How to freeze row headings

Answer 14

Select column to the right

Question 15

How to freeze column headings

Answer 15

Select row below

Question 16

How to freeze both row & column

Answer 16

Select cell below & to the right

Question 17

Formatting number : Number format

Answer 17

○ Displays the number in the cell rounded off to the number of decimal places you select
○ Negative numbers can be shown in red
○ Default takde 1000 separator, but you can able it

Question 18

Formatting number : Currency format

Answer 18

○ Displays number with a ‘$’ in front
○ Default have 1000 separator
○ Default 2 decimal places
○ Negative numbers can be shown in red

Question 19

Formatting number : General format

Answer 19

○ Have no specific number format
○ No commas
○ As many decimal places, asal muat masuk

Question 20

Formatting number : Percent format

Answer 20

○ Multiplies number in display by 100
○ Give % symbol

Question 21

Formatting number : Accounting format

Answer 21

○ Decimal points will be aligned
○ Currency symbol & minus sign always display on far left of cell
○ All negative values displayed in black/bracket

Question 22

Formatting number : Hidden format

Answer 22

Values entered & used in calculation but not displayed

Select custom –> Enter 3 semi-colons

Question 23

Data manipulation

Answer 23

Summarising, analysing, sorting & presenting data

Question 24

What does filtering data do?

Answer 24

Allows you to select & display just some of the data you wish to view

Question 25

Linking worksheet : Same file , different worksheet

Answer 25

= Sheet7!(A1)

Question 26

Linking worksheet : Different file

Answer 26

Source file is open
= ‘[FILENAME.xlsx]WORKSHEETNAME’!CELLREFERENCE
———————————————–
= ‘[Sales.xlsx]2024’!$C$10

Source file is closed
=’C:\Sales\pastu sama je

If source file is closed, the link also includes the path (source file location)

Question 27

3 dimensional/multi-sheet spreadsheets

Answer 27

Able to work with multiple sheets that refer to each other

Question 28

Uses for multi-sheet spreadsheets

Answer 28

► Enable quick & easy consolidation of similar sets of data
► Provide different views of the same data

Question 29

Uses of spreadsheets by management accountants

Answer 29

○ Preparation of management accounts
○ Cash flow analysis
○ Budgeting
○ Forecasting
○ Account reconciliation
○ Revenue & cost analysis
○ Comparison & variance analysis
○ Sorting, filtering & categorising large volume of data

Question 30

Advantages of spreadsheet packages for management accounting

Answer 30

○ ‘What if’ analysis
○ Computer will automatically make all computational changes to other figures
○ Ensure that preparation of individual budgets is co-ordinated

Question 31

What is the default printing options in Excel

Answer 31

A portrait orientation on A4 paper with no gridlines

Question 32

Print preview

Answer 32

Show how the printout will look

Question 33

Print margin

Answer 33

Affect how much of the spreadsheet will fit onto a single page

–> if current content too wide –> reduce left & right margin

Question 34

Scaling

Answer 34

Fit output to one page

Question 35

Page break

Answer 35

Shows where the content of the spreadsheet will be split onto another page

Question 36

Print area

Answer 36

Select area to print

Page layout –> Page set up –> Print area

Question 37

Print row and/or column heading on every page

Answer 37

Ensure that after the 1st page, data can still be easily understood

Page layout –> Page set up –> Sheet –> Row to repeat …Columns to repeat

Question 38

Advantages of spreadsheet

Answer 38

🙂 Easy to learn & use
🙂 Calculation & manipulation of data easier & quicker
🙂 Enable analysis, reporting & sharing of financial information
🙂 Perform ‘what-if analysis’ very quickly

Question 39

Disadvantages of spreadsheet

Answer 39

☹️ Only as good as its original design
☹️ Formulae are hidden - logic of calculation is not obvious
☹️ May make reports appear infallible (maksum/error-free)
☹️ High proportion of large models contain critical error
☹️ Database is more suitable for large volumes of data
☹️ Spreadsheets can be easily corrupted 💀💀 & difficult to find errors in large models