Using Spreadsheet to Present Information Flashcards
CHAPTER 10
Bar/Column chart
○ Data is shown in the form of a bar
○ Demonstrate and compare amounts or numbers of things
○ Same width but variable in height
○ Very versatile (may represent a different item)
○ Length of each bar indicates the magnitude of the corresponding item
** Visually appealing way of illustration
Component column chart/Stacked column chart
Shows component information in each bar
–> horizontal scale
Line graphs
○ Demonstrating trends over time
○ Plotting points of information on a grid
Dependent & Independent variable , who is who?
X - Independent
Y - Dependent
Area charts
○ Display shading in the areas below the lines
○ Colourful visual display –> distinguish data more clearly
○ Emphasize magnitude of change over time
Pie charts
A chart used to show pictorially the relative size of components elements of a total
–> Called a pie chart because it is circular & has the shape of pie
Converting parts of the total into equivalent degrees of a circle
A complete pie = 360 °
Number of degrees in a circle = 100%
Multiply percentage value by 3.6
Advantages of pie chart
○ Give a simple pictorial display of the relative sizes of elements of a total
○ Show clearly when one element is bigger than others
○ Show clearly differences in elements of two different total
Disadvantages of pie chart
○ Only show relative sizes
○ Often difficult to compare sector sizes easily (if percentage is not given)
Scatter diagram
Used to exhibit data to compare in which two variables vary with each other
–> may or might not appear to follow a trend
If for research/survey purposes
–> use scatter diagram
** Trend line can be identified in scatter diagram (if a trend can be seen)
Tables
A simple way of presenting numerical information
○ Two dimensional
○ Only show 2 variables
Guidelines in presenting data in tabular form
1) Clear title
2) Columns are clearly labelled
3) Clear sub-totals & right-hand total column (if appropriate) - for comparison
4) Total figure at the bottom of each column - for comparison
5) Table shouldn’t be packed with too much data
Why is it important to format spreadsheet ?
○ Information easy to understand
○ Make the spreadsheet visually appealing
How to freeze row headings
Select column to the right
How to freeze column headings
Select row below
How to freeze both row & column
Select cell below & to the right
Formatting number : Number format
○ Displays the number in the cell rounded off to the number of decimal places you select
○ Negative numbers can be shown in red
○ Default takde 1000 separator, but you can able it
Formatting number : Currency format
○ Displays number with a ‘$’ in front
○ Default have 1000 separator
○ Default 2 decimal places
○ Negative numbers can be shown in red
Formatting number : General format
○ Have no specific number format
○ No commas
○ As many decimal places, asal muat masuk
Formatting number : Percent format
○ Multiplies number in display by 100
○ Give % symbol
Formatting number : Accounting format
○ Decimal points will be aligned
○ Currency symbol & minus sign always display on far left of cell
○ All negative values displayed in black/bracket
Formatting number : Hidden format
Values entered & used in calculation but not displayed
Select custom –> Enter 3 semi-colons
Data manipulation
Summarising, analysing, sorting & presenting data
What does filtering data do?
Allows you to select & display just some of the data you wish to view
