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Chemistry GCSE > Using Resources > Flashcards

Using Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s happened to our use of natural resources a population has increased

A

Humans now rely on agriculture

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2
Q

What does chemistry play a role in improving agricultural and industrial processes for

A

Allowing new products to be developed contributing towards sustainable development

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3
Q

Potable water is…

A

Water that’s good quality and safe to drink

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4
Q

Fresh water contains…

A

Low levels of dissolved salts

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5
Q

Potable water process

A
  1. Fresh water collected
  2. Passed through a filter bed to remove solid particle
  3. Chlorine gas added to kill microorganisms
  4. Fluorine added to reduce tooth decay
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6
Q

Process of seawater becoming safe to drink

A

Desalinated by distillation or reverse osmosis (expensive)

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7
Q

What has to be removed from waste water

A

Organic matter, harmful microorganisms and toxic chemicals

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8
Q

Sewage water treatment process:

A

1 screening and grit removed
2 sedimentation to produce sludge and effluent
3 anaerobic respiration of sludge
4 aerobic biological treatment or effluent

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9
Q

What makes copper a useful metal

A
  • good conductor of electricity and heat
  • malleable but hard enough for water pipes
  • doesn’t react with water
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10
Q

How can copper be obtained (3ways)

A

Smelting, electrolysis and displacement

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11
Q

What is phytomining

A

Plants grow and absorb copper and when burnt the ash contains copper

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12
Q

What is bioleaching

A

Bacteria solution mixed with copper ore and bacteria converts copper into solution called leachate solution where copper can be easily extracted

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13
Q

What do we use earths resources for

A

Shelter, food, warmth and transport

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14
Q

What is agriculture

A

Farming

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15
Q

What does sustainable mean

A

Meeting our needs without compromising the needs of future generations

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16
Q

Equation for the corrosion of iron

A

Iron + water + oxygen ——> hydrated iron oxide

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17
Q

What two things cause corrosion of metals

A

Oxygen and water

18
Q

How to prevent corrosion

A
  • sacrificial method
  • painting/ greasing
  • galvanising
19
Q

What is galvanising

A

A layer of zinc over metal

20
Q

What is the sacrificial method

A

More reactive metal placed in contact with the metal

21
Q

Name three ceramics

A
  • bricks
  • pottery
  • glass
22
Q

Name two types of glass

A

Soda like glass and borosilicate

23
Q

Give two examples of a composite material

A

Concert and fibre glass

24
Q

What makes up a composite

A

A reinforcement and the matrix

25
Q

What does the the life cycle assessment take into account

A
  • extracting the raw mats
  • manufacturing of product
  • packaging and transportation
  • use
  • disposal
26
Q

What is the life cycle assessment

A

Assess the environments impact a product has in its lifetime

27
Q

Why do materials need to be reused and recycled

A

To save money and energy
Make sure not used up
Reduce amounts of waste produced
Reduce environmental damage

28
Q

What is the haber process

A

Manufacturing of amino using hydrogen and nitrogen

29
Q

What are the two main materials used in the haber process

A

Hydrogen and nitrogen

30
Q

How is ammonia made from hydrogen and nitrogen

A

Both nitrogen and hydrogen are passed over an IRON CATALYST and the amount is then put in a condenser to cool and turn into a liquid, the untracked hydrogen and nitrogen is recycled

31
Q

What temp is used for haber process

A

450

32
Q

What pressure haber process

A

200

33
Q

What does increasing the pressure of haber process do

A

Increases rate of reaction but dangerous

34
Q

What would a higher temp do to haber process

A

Faster reaction but low yield and would shift the equilibrium to the reactants

35
Q

Is the haber process endo or exo

A

Exothermic

36
Q

What three elements make up NPK fertilisers

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

37
Q

What do NPK fertilisers do

A

Increase essential elements and nutrients in the soil, increase agriculture

38
Q

Pros of formulated fertilisers vs manure

A
  • not as complex
  • can be customised
  • better availability
  • odourless
39
Q

What does phosphorus rock and nitric acid produce

A

Phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate

40
Q

Wha does phosphorus rock and sukfuric acid produce

A

Single superphosphate

41
Q

Why does phosphate rock and phosphoric acid produce

A

Tripe superphosphate

Chemistry GCSE (11 decks)

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