using resources Flashcards
1
Q
haber process
A
- nitrogen obtained from air 78%
- hydrogen comes from reacting methane with steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide
- iron catalyst
- high temp 450
- high pressure 200
- reversible reaction
- forward exothermic
- ammonia gas cools in the condenser and liquifies
- unused hydrogen and nitrogen are recycled
- ammonia used to make ammonium nitrate - fertiliser
2
Q
ammonia reactions in industry/lab
A
industry
- giant vats
- high concentrations
- very exothermic
- heat released is used to evaporate water from mixture to form a very concentrated ammonium nitrate product
in lab
- smaller scale
- titration and crystallisation
- lower concentration of reactants-
- less heat produced, safer
- after titration, solution crystallised to from ammonium nitrate crystals
- crystallisation not done in industry because its slow
3
Q
phosphate and potassium mined
A
- potassium chloride and potassium sulphate are mined as a source of potassium
- phosphate rock is mined but phosphate isnt soluble so plants cant use it as nutrients
- reacting phosphate rock with different types of acid produces soluble phosphates
- nitric acid->phosphoric acid + calcium nitrate
- sulfuric acid-> calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate (single superphosphate)
- phosphoric acid->calcium phosphate (triple superphosphate)
4
Q
haber process equation
A
N2 + 3H2 —> 2NH3 + heat
5
Q
ammonia reactions to make nitrogen containing compounds
A
NH3 + HNO3 —> NH4NO3
ammonia+nitric acid->ammonium nitrate
- ammonia can be reacted with oxygen and water to make nitric acid
- ammonia reacted with acids forms ammonium salts
