Ush final (unit 1)

Question 1

Marco polo

Answer 1

• 1296 went to china
• fragrances. Spices. Gold. Silks
• diary published into “the travels of marco polo”
• stories of unlimited gold

Question 2

Vasco de gama

Answer 2

• Set sail 1498
• went to china but landed in India
• returned with ship full of spices
• Worth almost as much as gold

Question 3

Christopher Columbus

Answer 3

1. 1492 first recorded trip to the new world
2. Italian born but sailed for Spain
3. King Ferdinand and green Isabelle
   Financed trip
   Columbus was promised:
   ship
   10% of what he brings back
   governed ship over new land
   A title “admiral of the ocean sea”
4. 3 ships: niño, pinta, Santa maria
   Started looking for new rout to Asia
5. October 12, 1492 he landed in the Bahamas

Question 4

Ferdinand magellan

Answer 4

Ferdinand Magellan
Wanted to take Shorter rout to china by tip of south America
1. “the spice islands”
2. Discovered straight of Magellan and named the pacific ocean
3. Eventually landed in the Philippines

Question 5

Bartholomeu dias

Answer 5

1. Africa
   1488 tried to sail to Africa
2. Good hope
   Named tip of Africa good hope

Question 6

Hernando Cortes

Answer 6

1. 1519 givven orders to explores mexican mainland
   Mission : find gold
2. Aztecs and their ruler was Montezuma
3. Quetzalcoatl
   Thought he was a returned god
   He tricked the Aztecs
   Killed them
   Tried to insight war
   Convinces warriors of all tribes to come to a meeting
   Opens fire and kills most including montezuma
4. First great conquistador

Question 7

La Malinche

Answer 7

La Malinche 
Slave from enemy tribe. 
Given to Cortes
Translated for cortez 
Told him where the Aztecs hid gold. Food. And supplies. 
Name means "traitor"

Question 8

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 8

1. went to s. America and encounter the inca
   Went in 1532
   Discovers Inca ruler. Captures him. And if the incas filled a room with gold he would let the ruler go

Question 9

Francisco Coronado

Answer 9

Started expedition in 1539
1. Mythical seven cities of gold “cibola”
Took 200 people
Traveled through arizone and new Mexico. And Kansas
Discovered grand canyon (first European)
2. First person to discover giant heard of buffalo in America
3. Wiped out people’s food supplies.
Tortured the people
3. Told Coronado cities of gold was real and was called “quivira”
Coronado finds out its a lie and executes Turk
4. Returned in 1542 with nothing

Question 10

Hernando de soto

Answer 10

Takes 600 people to find cities of gold
Traveled through Florida and Arkansas
Tortured the natives

Question 11

Types of colonies

Answer 11

1. Charter - colony given a grant by a trade company
2. Royal- run by the king
3. Propriortary- appointed a governor

Question 12

Indentured servants

Answer 12

4-7 years 
50% of all colonists were indentured servants 
*Once they got to the new world they were very difficult to control 
They would run away 
Horrible weather conditions
No woman
Bad food 
Tax from Indians 
Became problem so they thought they needed a labor force 
Increase African slave trade 
visually identify labor force 
Color became issue

Question 13

The lost colony

Answer 13

Roanoke island 
1. John white 
Arrived later then expected 
Unable to plant a crop 
Therefor didnt have enough supplies 
had battles with native Americans 
Sent someone back to England (John white)

Question 14

Jamestown colony

Answer 14

Roanoke island 
1. John white 
Arrived later then expected 
Unable to plant a crop 
Therefor didnt have enough supplies 
had battles with native Americans 
Sent someone back to England (John white)

Question 15

Mercantilism

Answer 15

mercantilism: economic doctrine that government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military securiity of the state. It demands a postive balance of trade. it was the cause of frequent European wars

Question 16

House of burgesses

Answer 16

House of Burgesses: first assembly of elected representatives of english colonistst in north america. the house was established by the Virgina Company, who created the body as an effort to enourage english craftsmen to settle in north america. first meeting was july 30, 1619.

Question 17

Mayflower compact

Answer 17

mayflower compact: The first governing document of plymouth colony. it was written by the separatists

Question 18

Roger Williams

Answer 18

Thought the church and the state should be separate 
They banished him 
Started own colony "rhode island" 
Religious Quakers 
Anne hutchinson 
Salvation came by faith alone not works

Question 19

John Winthrop

Answer 19

“city upon a hill” other colonies should follow their example
Did not have Tollerance fair other religions

Question 20

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 20

Salvation came by faith alone not works
She was banished 
Had 15 children 
First went to rhode island 
Ended up in new York 
Her and her family were spattered by Indian tribe 
All were killed except one

Question 21

Squanto

Answer 21

Land in Plymouth Massachusetts
Approached by a native american
When he was 12 or 13 he was captured bybenglish explorers and sent to be a slave. But they kept him to work on ships. Eventually escaped
He was the only Eason the people survived their first winter
Thought then how to plant seeds and crops

Question 22

Bacon’s rebellion

Answer 22

A. Plymouth 1620
Plymouth bay 
Separatists from holland first official group called "pilgrims"
Headed for Virginia 
Add to the James town settlement 
Got blown off course by a bad storm 
Ran out of supplies
Decided to settle in current day massachusetts

Question 23

Massachusetts bay colony

Answer 23

Settled in 1629

Most settlers were Congregationalists

Question 24

Salem witch trials

Answer 24

2 girls
Claim their being afflict by witches
Have histarical fits.
Accuse people of being witches. 19 were eventually executed
If you could swim you were a witch
If you drowned they tried to recessitate you
Being pressed
Men would lie with a board on his chest with boulders till they suffocated
They were banished if confessed to being a witch
pastor spoke out
“It is better that 10 suspected witches should escape the one innocent person die” (innocent until proven guilty)
Girls confessed to having lied.
One was pastors granddaughter
Got the idea from same aged slave from their cultu

Question 25

Colonial life

Answer 25

most colonists were englsh, scottish, irish, or german in the new world most common method of travel was on a road called the great philadelphia wagon trail( old iriquoise indian trail) it traveled all the way from virgina to georgia. marriage in the 1700s colonists were having lots of babies in 1700 there were 250,000 people living in the colonies by 1774 there were 2.5 million people in the colonies very first census was in 1790- over half of all americans were under 16 most colonial women married around the age of 20 in england there were more women then men in america it was the exact opposite, men outnumbered the women 2 to 1 25% deathrate at birth 1 out of everry 4 children died at birth another 25% died before 15 disease from 1735 to 1737 there was diphtheria epidemic( hard to breathe, high fever, hard to breathe, diahria) thousands of people under the age of 20 died from this average women lived to be about 50 average man lived to be 40 diphtheria epidemic was created by large cities because they had no sanitation system and no waste program houses material colonists used to build homes depended on where they lived brick was very common sedder or oak dirt cow or buffalo dung education to provide someone with the most basic skills so they could read the bible 1636 harvard was created( semenary) - people still belived in educatin in the 1630s more men graduated from college then people do today today only 25% of highschool graduates will finish college in 1698 first public library in america was invented built in charleston, south carolina fun they had barn rasings( they would raise up the side of barn) corn husking competitions quilting foot races wresteling matches no hold bar wrestling horse racing roster fights in 1700s clubs started to form (smoking club, laughing club, beef steak club, monday nightclub(only men), friday night club(women only) ).

Question 26

African diaspora

Answer 26

``` scattering of African people throughout the world) West indies Processing sugar (crash crop) Labor intensive Looked for free labor supply Africa Could fight off disease Could be identified by color Had different tribal languages 1640-1690 250,000 were enslaved to work in the sugar industry in the west indies 10,000 (native Americans) ```

Question 27

Pueblo revolt 1680

Answer 27

``` Greatest Indian revolt in history (only successful revolt) Modern day new Mexico Pueblo Indians We're advanced Built structures up to 5 buildings tall Made crops Didn't move with the seasons ```