uses of hormones in life

Question 1

growth hormone

Answer 1

• abuse in sports
• more difficult to detect
• enhances physical performance (not true, however believed)

Question 2

anabolic steroids

Answer 2

• illegal, banned
• hormones from males and females
• muscles bigger, recover quicker, reduces muscle damage from training, increased aggressiveness

Question 3

testosterone and androgenic anabolic steroids

Answer 3

• AAS’s, derived from male hormone testosterone
• increase protein synthesis
• prominent breasts, balding (men)
• deeper voice, enlarged clitoris, increased body hair, baldness and infrequent or absent periods (women)
• severe acne, liver abnormalities, tumours, increased risk for tendinitis and tendon rupture
• high blood pressure (hypertension), heart and circulatory problems, aggressive behaviours, psychiatric disorders (depression), inhibited growth and development in teenagers

Question 4

female hormones

Answer 4

• after pregnancy women are stronger from hormones
• oral contraceptives are permitted and desired, reduce menstrual loss and subsequent less iron deficiency, also menstruation is more tolerable and can be adjusted to avoid the competitions dates

Question 5

EPO

Answer 5

• naturally occurring produced by kidney to regulate red blood cell formation
• introduction increases red blood cell production
• increase in endurance
• not easy to detect and lasts for 24 hours
• dangerous because it ‘thickens’ the blood and can cause clots, stokes or heart attacks

Question 6

hCG and LH

Answer 6

• human chorionic gonadotrophin
• Luteinising hormone
• increases production of testosterone

Question 7

insulin

Answer 7

• works with GH (growth hormone) to control blood glucose

Question 8

adrenalin

Answer 8

• increases heart rate
• force of muscle contractions and respiration
• stimulates nervous system
• body begins to sweat (cool down) and pupils dilate to increase awareness of surroundings

Question 9

cortisol

Answer 9

• increase glucose levels, increasing energy levels
• temporarily inhibits other systems, digestion, growth, and immune (saving energy for activity)
• catabolic effect on muscle tissue (breakdown), they are able to recover if the body is at rest
• over-train cortisol levels become chronically elevated
• performance will be negatively affected if muscles can not recover

Question 10

stress system

Answer 10

• adrenaline and cortisol
• adrenalin will work first to get our body ready
• cortisol is then released to maintain a time of action
• adrenalin will be more but the cortisol lasts longer and build over periods of time
• weakened activity of immune system, can become ill
• reduced bone formation (can lead to long term osteoporosis - progressive bone disease)
• reduced production of protein
• reduced ability to remember information that had been stored