Use of the Subjunctive: In Subordinate Clause Flashcards
Final Clauses
ut + subj. /(negative) ne + subj.
Final Clause in Primary Sequence
ut + pres. subj.
Final Clause in Historic Sequence
ut + imp. subj.
Final Clause containing a comparative adj. or adv.
quo + subj.
in order that not
ne
in order that no one (lest anyone)
ne quis
in order that nothing (lest anything)
ne quid
in order that no (lest any)
ne ullus
in order that never (lest ever)
ne umquam
in order that nowhere (lest anywhere)
ne usquam
cum: when - historic sequence
imp. or plu. subj.
cum: when - primary sequence
fut. or fut. perf. indic.
cum: since/although - historic sequence
imp. or plu. subj.
cum: since/although - primary sequence
pres. or perf. subj.
Indirect Commands
ut + subj. /(negative) ne + subj.
Indirect Commands in Primary Sequence
ut + pres. subj.
Indirect Commands in Historic Sequence
ut + imp. subj.
Indirect Questions
question word + subj.
Indirect Questions in Primary Sequence
pres. or perf. subj.
Indirect Questions in Historic Sequence
imp. or plu. subj.
Indirect Questions relating to the future
future participle + subj. of ‘esse’
Indirect Questions relating to the future in Primary Sequence
future participle + pres. subj. of ‘esse’
Indirect Questions relating to the future in Historic Sequence
future participle + imp. subj. of ‘esse’
Consecutive clauses
ut + subj. /(negative) ut…non + subj.
Tenses of subjunctive in consecutive clauses
same as tense in english
ignores rules of sequence
talis, tale
such
tantus, -a, -um
so great
tot
so many
totie(n)s
so often
tam
so
ita
so
adeo
so
so that no-one
ut nemo
so that nothing
ut nihil
so that no-one
ut nullus
so that never
ut numquam
so that nowhere
ut nusquam
verbs of fearing
ne+ subj. /(negative) ne…non + subj.
verbs of fearing in primary sequence
pres/perf subj
verbs of fearing in historic sequence
imp/plu subj
types for conditional clauses
type 1: not containing would, should, could
type 2: containing would, should, could
type 1: relating to present time
pres indic (both halves)
type 1: relating to past time
perf indic (both halves)
type 1: relating to future time
future/perfect indic
type 2: relating to present time
imp subj
type 2: relating to past time
plup subj
type 2: relating to future time
pres subj