Use of Force Flashcards
__________- physically evasive movements or behaviors to defeat an officer’s attempt at control, including bracing, tensing, pushing, or verbally signaling an intention to avoid or prevent being taken into or retained in custody
Active Resistance
_____________- the amount of force reasonably calculated to cause death or serious bodily injury
Deadly force
___________- any execution of a physical act to control a person, overcome resistance and/or defend oneself or another. Force may entail the use of body parts, issued departmental equipment, or an instrument of neccesity
Force
True or False: The routine use of handcuffs or similar restraining devices used to ensure officer safety is considered use of force
False
___________________- present peril or jeopardy, such that action must be taken either instantly or without any considerable loss of time
Immediate danger
__________- immediate death, such as is apparent, present, and/or immediate and must be dealt with instantly
Imminent death
______________- an item at hand or in close proximity that can be used immediately without delay (flashlight, clipboard)
Instrument of necessity
_____________- both a belief and the existence of facts that would persuade a reasonable officer on the scene to that belief
Reasonable belief
______________- physical injury that creates a substantial risk of death or causes permanent or protracted serious disfigurement, loss of the function of any bodily member or organ, or the impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ
Serious Physical Injury
_______________- use of force (excluding firearm discharges) which causes injury to an individual
Substantial force
True or False: officers are trained to use only the force necessary to accomplish their lawful duties
True
True or False: Officers using force resulting in an injury will render first aid when safe to do so
True
Officers will immediately notify the ______________ when a use of force incident occurs.
Shift commander of precinct
Will a use of force (form 253) be completed if a officer discharges their firearm at a subject/suspect?
No
True or False: A use of force (form 253) will be completed when a department canine intentionally bites or purposefully inflicts injury to an individual the canine team intended to seize
True
True or False: When completing a form 253 (use of force) a written narrative detailing the use of force actions and justification will be completed on the incident report or incident supplement, and not in the statement of charges
True
If a use of force results in death the _____________ will notify the:
- HMPU
- FSS
- Precinct commander or members commander
- 911 police liasion
- IAD
- legal section
Shift commander
_______________ determines if any violations of department policy or procedure has occurred and initiates a form 258, statement of incident, if the use of force appears to be in violation of department policy
Members commander
If use of force results in a substantial injury, the ________________ determines if the member should continue present duty status or be placed in a non-line function and when the member will return to regular duty
Member’s commander
If use of force results in death the member’s commander will place the member in a non-line function and refer the member to the appropriate ___________.
Psychological services caregiver
Once referred to a psychological services caregiver, a member will only return to regular duty, when deemed appropriate, after the member obtains a _____________ for the psychological services caregiver.
Release
The __________ section ensures that the mandates of this department and the MPTSC will be followed for the courses of instruction, and met by each member in order to use any department-issued weapon.
Training section
The ___________ section maintains a record of members who are qualified with authorized department weapons and establishes courses of instruction
Training
The _________ maintains statistics on use of force incidents and advises the chief of police of those statistics
IAD
The ______________ is authorized to initiate investigations concerning the use of force by department members and reviews all use of force incident reports
IAD
The ____________ determines which section or unit within the CIB will complete the criminal investigation, when a criminal investigation is required in reference to a use of force that did not involve the discharge of a departmental firearm
Bureau chief of CIB
The __________ section will be responsible for training officers in the proper application of the use of force continuum.
Training
True or False: Officer safety is paramount and officers are not required to confront and adversary without having an advantage. Officer need the ability to disengage or escalate to a higher force option, to escape injury and/or maintain control
True
True or False: Officers are not required to start at the lowest level of the force continuum.
True
The officers goal in any use of force situation is two fold:
1. Self-protection, the protection of other officers and the public
2.
- To control a person through arrest, seizure, custody or detention
The officer’s goal in any use of force situation is ___________.
Two-fold
Certain factors and circumstances surrounding a confrontation (officer vs. subject) will impact the use of force decision. Specific factors/circumstances include, but are not limited to: (list 4)
- Differences in age, gender, size, fitness or skill level
- The presence of multiple subjects
- The proximity of a weapon
- Disability or injury to the officer
___________ -directives and/or commands that tell the subject what action is required for compliance. Verbalization should continue throughout the incident when reasonable.
Verbal Tactics
______________- comprises hands-on contact techniques which may be used for escort, guidance, restraint, compliance holds or strikes
Physical tactics
The ___________ is commonly associated with firearms, but is not limited to such weapons. It may include other less lethal weapons, issued equipment, hands/feet, or any instrument of necessity such as a flashlight or any object at hand.
Use of deadly force
____________ may be applied in immediate danger situations, where present peril or jeopardy exists and the officer has a reasonable belief that action must be taken instantly or without considerable delay.
Deadly force
The determining factor in a deadly force decision is not the crime being committed, but the _____________ being used, along with the immediate potential for death or serious bodily injury to the officer or innocent bystanders/victims.
Level of force
Authorized restraining devices include handcuffs and list 4 others
Flex cuffs, belly belts, leg irons and leg bars
Will, if practical, handcuff the individual in the following manner:
1. Approach the individual from the rear side
List 4 other steps
- Place the individual in a tactically inferior cuffing position
- Cuff hands together in the back
- Double lock the cuffs
- Search the individual
______________ weapons are not intended, nor reasonably likely to result in death or serious physical injury.
Less lethal
Less Lethal weapons include but are not limited to (list 4):
- Beanbag
- ARS (Pepper spray)
- CEW (Conducted electrical weapon/Taser)
- Expandable Baton
_______________- is a less lethal weapon system designed to use propelled wires or direct contact to conduct energy to affect the sensory and/or motor functions of the central nervous system
CEW (Conducted Electrical Weapon)
The ___________ chiefs will determine the number of CEW trained officers assigned to each precinct/section.
Bureau
Members selected are required to successfully complete a CEW training class conducted by the __________ and certified by the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission.
Firearms training team
__________ training will be required to maintain certification and the authority to possess and/or carry the CEW.
Annual
Members will ensure that a _____________ is aware of CEW requests and broadcast their estimated time of arrival to the requesting unit.
Supervisor
_____________ must be obtained prior to discharging the CEW, unless exigent circumstances exist.
Supervisor’s approval
Probes penetrating the skin are considered impaled objects and will only be removed by ____________ personnel. Probes will be _____ at the base of the probes prior to transport.
Medical
Cut
Request _________ for all CEW discharges.
EMS
EMS must be advised of the number of __________ and the number of ____________.
CEW discharges
probe injuries
The following documents must be completed after a CEW discharge (list 3):
- Form 253 Use of Force
- Form 273 Sick/Injured Person report
- Incident Supplement or Incident Report
Document the _______________ of both the weapon and cartridges in the incident report when the CEW is discharged.
Serial numbers
True or False: there is elevated risks of CEW use on a person with a mental illness
True
True or False: Members needs to be aware of elevated risks of multiple CEW uses, and consider the use of available alternate methods of control, should an immediate threat continue to exist after three consecutive CEW uses.
True
True or False: The CEW may be used to stop a threatening animal
True
The CEW may not be used aiming at a subjects head, _______, or groin area unless exigency exists.
Neck
The CEW may be used in a drive stun mode for _____________ only in exigent circumstances.
Pain compliance
True or False: The use of CEW on a subject that is wading in water or in an environment that poses the potential drowning risk is prohibited.
True
True or False: The use of CEW while off duty or on secondary employment is prohibited
True
True or False: The CEW MAY be used on subjects that are only a danger to themselves, where there is no immediate threat to officers or others.
False
____________ will ensure the FSS responds to take photographs of the incident scene, probe penetration marks, drive stun marks, and any secondary injuries.
Supervisor
_______ will collect expended cartridges with probes (handled as biohazard sharps, at least six anti-felon identification tabs (AFIDS), and other pertinent evidence.
FSS
Supervisors must forward the CEW to the FTT within _____ hours of discharge for a mandatory download and submit all correspondence to the member’s commander.
72
Shift/commanders will respond to the scene and contact the ________ to conduct an investigation whenever a CEW is used that resulted in a fatality
HMPU
The ___________ inspects the CEW log book weekly for proper entry, signature, and maintenance record
Shift commander
A ____________ may suspend or revoke a member’s CEW or BMW certification at any time.
Precinct/Section Commander
The CEW log book is to be retained at each precinct/section for _____ years past the last entry date.
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