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CPACC Flash Cards! by Jess > Usability, Myths, Laws & Org Management > Flashcards

Usability, Myths, Laws & Org Management Flashcards

1
Q

What determines how easy a design’s user interface is to use and how functional a product or design is?

A

Usability

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2
Q

True or false: Accessibility increases the chances of more people being able to use a product or design regardless of their abilities.

A

True

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3
Q

What type of issues occur when all users face some difficulty using a product or service?

A

Usability

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4
Q

What type of issues occur when people with disabilities encounter difficulties using or accessing a product or service?

A

Accessibility

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5
Q

True or false: Remediating accessibility issues may cause usability issues?

A

True

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6
Q

If navigating a website is unclear, or its structure is illogical and extremely complex for all users, the website has what type of issues?

A

Usability issues

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7
Q

Buildings that provide ramps as an alternative for steps or have flat entryways resolve which type of issue?

A

Accessibility issues

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8
Q

What are 5 myths and misconceptions about accessibility?

A 
Accessibility benefits only a small minority
Accessibility is a short-term project
Accessibility should be the last step
Accessibility is hard & expensive
Accessibility is ugly
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9
Q

What is the truth behind the myth that accessibility only benefits a small minority?

A

Benefits a wide variety of people because anyone can acquire a disability, and people with disabilities are a sizable minority.

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10
Q

True or false: Accessible websites are better for people who are aging who may be losing their eyesight, hearing, mobility or cognition?

A

True

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11
Q

True or false: Accessibility is an ongoing requirement in all stages of design, development and QA?

A

True

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12
Q

True or false: Accessibility needs to be part of the process from start to finish?

A

True

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13
Q

True or false: Systematic discrimination plays a key role in suppressing the potential of people with disabilities?

A

True

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14
Q

True or false: Designing for accessibility is much easier (and results in a better design) than retrofitting for accessibility?

A

True

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15
Q

Why is the cost of accessibility reasonable when compared to the cost of the alternatives?

A

Lawsuits and negative publicity are expensive

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16
Q

What are some accessibility features that don’t alter the design of a website?

A 
Alt text
Labels on form elements
Headings 
Table headers 
Lists
Language
Keyboard accessibility
Reading order
Captions
Audio descriptions
ARIA
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17
Q

What accessibility features alter the visual appearance of a website?

A

Color contrast

Links to skip navigation

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18
Q

How can you design for people with cognitive disabilities?

A

Simplify content
Illustrate concepts with images
Avoid slang or idiomatic expressions
Expand acronyms and abbreviations the first time they appear

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19
Q

What are the 3 categories of accessibility laws?

A

Civil rights laws
Procurement laws
Industry-specific laws

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20
Q

What are civil rights laws?

A

Laws that emphasize equal rights for people with disabilities, often making it illegal to discriminate against people with disabilities. ADA is a civil rights law

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21
Q

What are procurement laws?

A

Laws that require accessibility be taken into account when making a purchase or contracting for services. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act and EN 301 549 are procurement laws.

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22
Q

What are industry-specific laws?

A

Laws that apply to industries that are important to accessibility. CVAA and ACAA are industry-specific laws.

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23
Q

What was the first document to establish fundamental human rights, and is considered the foundation of international human rights laws?

A

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

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24
Q

When did the United Nations General Assembly adopt the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A

December 10, 1948, in Paris, France

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25
What does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights include?
30 articles that state fundamental human rights ranging from right to life, liberty, equality, spiritual and political freedoms, to social, cultural, and economic rights.
26
What is considered the most important political and democratic expression of the will to grant and guarantee equal human rights to people with disabilities at a global level?
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD)
27
What is the UN CRPD?
A binding human rights treaty and serves as a framework for legal advocacy.
28
Why did the UN CRPD happen?
Result of long lasting political civil rights movements driving the shift from the personal deficit model of disability towards an inclusive, equal chances and human rights model
29
What is the Optional Protocol?
Launched in 2008, implements the competencies and rights of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities to monitor and accept complaints; Provides a tool to make the UN CRPD operational and impacting in practice.
30
What has become a key instrument for people with disabilities to fight discrimination and exclusion and to promote, implement, monitor and defend inclusion, accessibility and equal opportunities?
The UN CRPD and its Optional Protocol
31
What are the 4 categories of domains addressed by the UN CRPD?
Universal Indivisible Interdependent Interrelated
32
What is the Monitoring, Reporting and Claiming Process of the UN CRPD?
Allows end user organizations to facilitate, monitor and report on the state of the art, activities, progress, shortcomings, discrimination and exclusion.
33
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?
Broad civil rights law in the U.S. that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, architectural design, transportation, examinations and courses, and the services offering “public accommodation.”
34
True or false: Many web accessibility lawsuits in the United States invoke the ADA as the basis for the legal complaint because of the language about “public accommodation”?
True
35
Who does the ADA apply to?
Businesses and organizations open to the public, with the exception of religious entities and private clubs Federal and state government entities
36
Who enforces the ADA?
Consumers filing formal complaints
37
What is The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)?
Civil rights law that applies to every person or organization in the public and private sectors of the Province of Ontario
38
What is the Equality Act of 2010?
One of the main civil rights laws related to web accessibility in the UK that prohibits discrimination in the workplace and in society
39
What 3 laws does the Equality Act replace and supersede?
Sex Discrimination Act 1975 Race Relations Act 1976 Disability Discrimination Act 1995
40
Who does The Equality Act apply to?
Public authorities and any organization that is carrying out a public function
41
How does The Equality Act (EQA) apply to websites?
The reference to the “provision of a service” applies to commercial web services as much as to traditional services
42
What is the Act on the Elimination of Discrimination against Person with Disabilities?
Japanese legislation that prohibits discrimination based on disability and requires organizations and private entities to provide the necessary accommodations that remove social barriers for people with disabilities
43
What is Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act?
Requires the U.S. federal government to take accessibility into account when procuring information technologies
44
Which parts of Section 508 are most relevant to web accessibility?
1194. 21 – Software applications and operating systems 1194. 22 – Web-based intranet and internet information and applications 1194. 31 – Functional performance criteria
45
Who does Section 508 apply to?
US federal government entities only
46
Who enforces Section 508?
Consumers filing formal complaints
47
What is EN 301 549?
Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products and services in Europe
48
What is the 21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA)?
Law that requires video communications, text messaging, web browsers on mobile devices, and other similar technologies to be accessible to people with disabilities.
49
How does the CVAA apply to web developers?
Video programs presented with captions on television must be presented with closed-captions on the internet.
50
Who does the CVAA apply to?
Entities already covered by FCC regulations (telecommunication hardware and software providers, television broadcasters and television hardware/software providers)
51
Who enforces the CVAA?
Consumers filing formal complaints
52
What is the Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA)?
Law prohibiting disability discrimination in air travel and requires air carriers to accommodate the needs of passengers with disabilities
53
On November 12, 2013 the DoT issued a rule requiring what?
Airline carrier websites and ticket kiosks to be accessible to people with disabilities
54
True or false: U.S and foreign air carriers operating flights within or to the U.S. or selling tickets to the U.S. public are required to have websites that conform to WCAG Level AA?
True
55
Who does the ACAA apply to?
U.S. and foreign air carriers operating flights within or to the U.S. or selling tickets to the U.S. public
56
Who enforces the ACAA?
Consumers filing formal complaints
57
What are the 4 categories covered by the Web Standards for the Government of Canada?
Accessibility Usability Interoperability Mobile devices
58
True or false: The Web Standards for the Government of Canada apply explicitly to the private sector?
False
59
What are the Quebec: Standards sur l'accessibilité du Web
Law for government websites to comply to a modified version of WCAG Level AA
60
What is the Référentiel Général d'Accessibilité pour les Administrations (RGAA)?
Law for all French central government websites and public services are required to comply to based on WCAG Level AA
61
What is the Barrierefreie-Informationstechnik-Verordnung (BITV 2)?
Law for German government websites to comply to based on a modified version of WCAG
62
What is the Code of Practice on Accessibility of Public Services and Information provided by Public Bodies?
Law for government websites in Ireland based on WCAG 1.0
63
What is Law 4/2004 (“Stanca” Law)?
Law for Italian government websites based on WCAG 1.0, Level AA
64
What are the Web Accessibility Laws and Policies in the Netherlands?
All government websites must comply with WCAG Level AA
65
What is Law 34/2002, Law 51/2003?
Law for government websites in Spain based on WCAG 1.0 Level AA
66
What is the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) X 8341?
Central and local government websites must comply with “Guidelines for older persons and persons with disabilities – Information and communications equipment, software and services” which is based on WCAG
67
What technology laws are in place in New Zealand?
Web Accessibility Standard 1.1 | Web Usability Standard 1.3
68
Who is directly affected by the laws of Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act in addition to the U.S. federal government?
All organizations that do business with the federal government
69
Who is directly affected by the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)?
Every person and organization in the Province of Ontario who provides goods, services, facilities, or employment
70
Which European mandate is similar to Section 508 in the United States?
EN 301 549: Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) products and services in Europe

CPACC Flash Cards! by Jess (5 decks)

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