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History USA mocks > USA 1890-1920 foreign policy > Flashcards

USA 1890-1920 foreign policy Flashcards

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1
Q

What has the US traditionally been?

A
  • defensive

- hostile to European style imperialism

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2
Q

Why were there new moves for expansionism?

A
  • new markets needed
  • end of frontier so needed new horizons
    -age of imperialism across the world
  • rise in nationalism
  • felt culturally superior
    duty to civilise others
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3
Q

who were pro imperialism?

A
  • Theodore Roosevelt
  • Alfred Thayer Mahan
  • senator Henry Cabot lodge; looked at the importance of the navy
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4
Q

who were the isolationists?

A
  • William Jennings Bryan
  • Grover Cleveland
  • Andrew Carnegie
  • Samuel Gompers
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5
Q

What were the causes of the war with spain and Philippines?

A
  • Cuban nationalists revolt against Spain in 1895
  • Americans sympathised brutally repressed Cubans
  • Cuba’s economy dependent upon exporting tobacco and sugar to US
  • Strategically close/important
  • US interests in far east- looked at Spanish empire in pacific
  • china unstable and rise of japan in east- US bases would be useful
  • Feb 1898, USS Maine blew up in Havana harbour- started hysterical media campaign for revenge on Spanish ( hearst & yellow press)
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6
Q

What were the consequences of the war with spain and Philippines?

A
  • US annexed Spanish colonies in the Caribbean and pacific
  • many were against conquest of the Philippines
  • 1901 platt amendment claimed to protect Cuban independence from foreign intervention but allowed US involvement; then extended to other parts of Latin America
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7
Q

what Spanish colonies in the Caribbean and pacific did the US take?

A
  • Puerto rico
  • Philippines
  • guam
  • took opportunity to take Hawaii at the same time
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8
Q

why were many people against the US’s conquest of the Philippines?

A
  • US were violent
  • racial prejudice to Philippines
  • 1899-1902 US brutally repressed Filipino people
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9
Q

Who was elected president in 1900?

A

McKinley

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10
Q

who was McKinleys vice president?

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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11
Q

who was president after McKinley was assassinated?

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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12
Q

what did Theodore Roosevelt want?

A

Panama canal

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13
Q

what was the only way to get panama canal?

A

create a new country

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14
Q

how did the US and Theodore Roosevelt get panama canal?

A
  • when gov of Colombia ( who in charge of Panama region) were unco-operative
  • TR sponsored series uprisings in panama against Colombia
  • forcing Colombia to accept an independent panama
  • Panama then negotiated the terms for the canal zone
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15
Q

How was China unstable in 1910?

A

boxer rebellion attacked foreigners in Beijing

- seemed china would be carved up by European powers

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16
Q

what did the US want?

A

open door trade access

- sec state john hay circulated note to powers

17
Q

What was the US concerned with?

A

rise of japan and her new navy

18
Q

how did the russo-japanese war end?

A

TR mediated it

19
Q

Who did TR settle the Alaska dispute with and when?

A
  • Canada

- 1903

20
Q

what was the Roosevelt corollary?

A
  • 1904 TR turned policy in latin America into an actual theory
21
Q

what was the Roosevelt corollary added to?

A
  • Monroe doctrine
22
Q

What did the Roosevelt corollary say on the Monroe doctrine?

A
  • the US had the right to exercise international police power in latin America if cases of wrongdoing
  • US would intervene if trouble in her backyard
23
Q

What did the Roosevelt corollary show?

A
  • us trying to expel European influences from Latin American to ensure US exclusivity in the region
24
Q

What was the dollar diplomacy?

A

president Taft’s way of dealing with foreign affairs was to avoid direct interventions by using US financial powers instead

25
Q

who had power over Taft?

A

Theodore Roosevelt

26
Q

who was president in 1909?

A
  • William howard taft
27
Q

When was dollar diplomacy used?

A
  • 1909; Taft used Honduras debts to US to establish US financial control
  • similar in Hati and Nicaragua- not 100% successful, as troops had to be sent to Nicaragua in 1914
  • used DD in china- J. Pierpont Morgan + eruopean financiers invested in railroads in china
28
Q

why did Wilson reject dollar diplomacy?

A

said it was not ethical

29
Q

what was Woodrow Wilson?

A
  • pacifist
  • peaceful
  • ethical
30
Q

what was William Jennings bryan?

A
  • sec of state
  • Christian
  • pacifist
31
Q

What foreign policies did Wilson introduce?

A
  • reinstated open door- away from dollar diplomacy
  • accepted new regime in china 1911
  • sent marines to Mexico to restore order and in 1916 to hunt down Pancho Villa
32
Q

what did the US’s fear of Mexican attack lead them to?

A

intervention into ww1

33
Q

what broke out in 1914?

A

ww1

34
Q

what did the USA naturally support?

A

triple entente

35
Q

what did Wilson promise?

A

neutrality

36
Q

what are the reasons why US pushed towards neutrality?

A
  • didn’t want foreign entanglements
  • resistant to idea of large us national army
  • didn’t like European colonialism
  • war had to be morally justified
  • german-us immigrants
37
Q

what led to the US entering ww1?

A
  • GB & france under huge economic strain
  • WJB resigned in 1915, TR & Henry Cabot Lodge pushing for involvement
  • US trade with GB & france rose by 400% so not really neutral
  • German unrestricted submarine warfare sank Lusitania, which Germany suspended use of warfare for fear of provoking US but started again in 1917 due to desperation
  • Russian revolution took Russia out of the war in 1917
  • Germany’s Zimmerman telegram to incite Mexico into war forced WW’s hand to declare war on Germany April 1917
38
Q

what happened when US were fighting in the war?

A
  • took months to prepare US troops so only a tricle of US soldiers into Europe first
  • Jan 1918, 250,000 soldiers were arriving a month
  • WW issued 14 points in Jan 1918; principles on which peace should be established after the war
  • Germany’s last push by Ludendorff failed
  • Ottoman empire collapsed
  • Austria- Hungary and Bulgaria surrender
  • 9th Nov 1918 Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated

History USA mocks (4 decks)

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