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History USA mocks > impact of ww1 > Flashcards

impact of ww1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How did ww1 have a positive effect on US’s economy between 1914-17 before they entered the war?

A
  • huge demand for manufactured goods, food and fuel supplies
  • GB and France very dependent on US for war supplies and loans
  • was difficult to keep up with production but then adapted
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2
Q

what effect did ww1 have on US’s economy once they entered the war?

A
  • huge infrastructure developed
  • bases needed for the US army
  • liberty loans raised funds
  • food/fuel administrations established to regulate/ration resources
  • nationalism of railroads to control transport
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3
Q

what did exports rising lead to?

A

full employment

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4
Q

what effect did post-ww1 have on the US’s economy?

A
  • economy slowed down which lead to the recession in 1921
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5
Q

what had the US had emerged at?

A

worlds economic gaint

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6
Q

what did the US enhance by the war?

A

prestige of American democracy

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7
Q

what had the prestige been symbolised by?

A

WW and his ideals as he dominated the peace conference in Paris from jan 1919
- his ideals called Wilsonian idealism had made the world safer for democracy

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8
Q

what happended at the Paris peace conference?

A
  • WW wanted his 14 points but there were clashes of opinions between delegates and WW backed down on many
  • WW had self-determination
  • treaties were signed
  • borders decided upon
  • LoN created
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9
Q

what were the effects of post-ww1 back in the US?

A
  • widespread opposition
  • growing political issues
  • 50,000 dead in war
  • many died from Spanish flu
  • public turned against European war
  • difficult to sell the ToV and LoN to the public
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10
Q

what impact did ww1 have on divisions in US?

A
  • US growth in patriotism during ww1
  • growth in suspicion/hostility towards socialism
  • nativism grew; KKK revived in 1915
  • recent immigrants were seen as non- Americans- demands grew to root out ‘aliens’
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11
Q

what was the 1917 Espionage Act that was passed?

A

mail could be sized/inspected by postmen, as possible revolutionaries could be arrested

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12
Q

what was the 1918 Sedition act?

A
  • extended powers under Espionage Act
  • 1500 prosecutions carried out
  • 2/3 were convicted
    included Eugene Debs and Emma Goldman
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13
Q

who was Emma Goldman?

A
  • feminist
  • pacifist
  • she was deported to Russia in Dec 1919; by the red ark ; USS Buford
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14
Q

what was the 1918 immigration act?

A

strengthened controls against immigrants

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15
Q

what was the 1921 Emergency Quota Act?

A

drastic limits on immigration

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16
Q

what was the Red Scare?

A

Oct/Nov 1917 Russian Revolution spread fear of communism spreading by immigrants from central/eastern europe

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17
Q

what did the red scare extended to include

A

anarchists, terrorists, pacifists, militant trade unions, german americans, recent immigrants

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18
Q

what else did ww1 lead to?

A

high inflation after ww1 = demobilisation= unemployment= strikes across US
- racial tensions growing

19
Q

how many workers were involved in the 1919 strikes

A

4m

20
Q

what are some examples of strikes in US?

A
  • Seattle, 60,000 workers on general strike
  • Pittsburgh 1919 Great steel strike, lasted 3 months and resulted in violence as businesses/gov tried to crack down on strikers
21
Q

how many race riots were there in 1919?

A

20

22
Q

what caused the palmer raids?

A

US attorney General Mitchell Palmer was convicted of a real socialist threat- heightened by April/May 1919 as bomb packages were sent to public figures

23
Q

What happened during the palmer raids?

A
  • Palmer’s Justice Dept raided offices of radical organisations across 12 cities
  • Dec 1919; 249 radicals deported
  • Jan 1920; 30 cities forced to close communist party HQs
24
Q

Who were the palmer raids co-ordinated by?

A

J Edgar Hoover

25
Q

what did the palmer raids lead to?

A

vigilante action by ordinary citizens

26
Q

what did the supreme court crack down on?

A

palmer and national outcry at rights violations

palmer lost credibilty

27
Q

by 1917, how much of congress was dry?

A

2/3 of congressmen

28
Q

what did the war strength arguments of?

A

the drys

29
Q

who were usually drys?

A
  • anti germans
  • Wilson
  • progressive
30
Q

when was the 18th amendment ratified?

A

1919

31
Q

who was against 18th amendment?

A

wets

32
Q

What were Womens Christian temperance union prominent for?

A

pro-suffrage and pro-temperance movements

33
Q

When did AAs have high hopes?

A

beginning of ww1

34
Q

what did many AAs believe volunteering to fight would lead to?

A

be rewarded with equality

35
Q

why did AAs move to the north, how many went to north cities and where?

A
  • to work for the war effort in larger cities

- 300,000 flew towards Chicago and NYC

36
Q

what were the positves impacts for AAs after ww1?

A
  • many returned home with experiences/education
  • led to a huge increase in NAACP membership
  • assertive leaders like DuBois gained support for challenging old’Uncle Tom’ approach
37
Q

what were the negative impacts for AAs after ww1?

A
  • still segregated in US army and treated as inferiors

- Red Summer 1919= racial tensions spilled into racial riots, e.g. race war in St Louis July 1919

38
Q

how had there been a huge change in US politics from 1919-20?

A

from progressivism and idealism towards political reaction, rejecting internationalism and WW’s legacy

39
Q

what happened at 1920 elections

A

Reps won majority in congress and presidency

40
Q

why did Reps win 1920 elections?

A
  • long-term reaction against temperance
  • red scare
  • pres candidate Warren G Harding (+ Calvin Coolidge) - calm reasonableness, slogans; ‘Law & order’ ‘America first’
41
Q

why was there a rejection of Wilsonism?

A
  • WW spent long time in Europe, difficult to get ToV ratified
  • war-weariness
  • domestic concerns more pressing
  • committed isolationists like Senator William Borah made more convincing speeches
  • Henry Cabot Lodge thought LoN/ToV went too far
  • WW- exhausted, too stubbon, illness so replaced by James Cox
42
Q

what happened at the 1920 elections?

A
  • back to reps

- democrats won southern states only

43
Q

how was it the end of progressivism by 1920?

A
  • wilsons ideas rejected in 1920
  • LoN not ratified, neither had ToV
  • Reps dominated both houses
  • Harding promised ‘normalcy’; avoid excessive government, keeping internationalism low priority
44
Q

how wasn’t it the end of progressivism by 1920?

A
  • not dead
  • progressive Robert La Follette of Winsonsin ran for pres and got 5 million votes
  • not until New Deal and FDR did it return

History USA mocks (4 decks)

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