US History Semester 1 Exam Flashcards
Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What amendment began prohibition in the US?
18th amendment
Which president was blamed for not doing enough to get the US out of the Great Depresion?
Herbert Hoover
What was Franklin Roosevelt’s plan for getting the US out of the depression called?
The New Deal
What was name of the first government of the US.?
The Articles of Confederation
What name was given to the investigative journalists who worked to expose the “dirt” such as business corruption, poor housing conditions, etc.?
Muckrakers
Name the industrialist who created the Standard Oil Company and a monopoly in the oil industry.
John D. Rockefeller
Who was the president of the US during World War I?
Woodrow Wilson
Who were the “Big Four” Allies who created the Treaty of Versailles following WWI?
Great Britain, France, Italy, and the United States
Why did the US Senate refuse to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?
They did not want the US to be part of the League of Nations
Why were the US Senate and others opposed to the US becoming part of the League of Nations following WWI?
They did not want the US pulled into the affairs of other countries or possibly a foreign war.
Who was the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe during WWI?
General John J. Pershing
What killed even more Americans during World War I than the fighting on the battlefields in Europe?
The influenza epidemic
What were the causes of the start of World War I in Europe?
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Why was the US so upset by contents of the Zimmerman Telegram?
Germany was proposing an alliance with Mexico to enter WWI
What issue of the Progressive Movement did reformers Susan B. Anthony, Alice Paul, and Carrie Chapman Catt have in common?
Women’s suffrage
Jacob Riis used his skills as a photographer to highlight what problem created by urbanization of the Industrial Revolution?
Living conditions of immigrants and the poor
Whose assassination is considered the ‘spark’ that ignited the fighting of WWI in Europe?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary
What was President Wilson’s plan called for creating a lasting peace in the world after WWI ended?
The 14 Points
What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles that punished Germany for their role in WWI?
Loss of German territory to other countries
Reduction of the German army
German navy is dismantled
Germany must pay reparations to the Allies
Germany must take the blame for the war (guilt clause)
What was the purpose of creating the League of Nations as part of the Treaty of Versailles?
To give countries a way to discuss problems and find solutions before a war occurred.
Which amendment to the Constitution was a result of the temperance movement?
The 18th amendment
Which of the following reformers focused her work on improving working conditions for women and ending child labor?
A. Ida Tarbell
B. Ida B Wells
C. Jane Addams
D. Florence Kelly
D. Florence Kelly
What two groups formed over the arguments of ratifying the Constitution and the power of the new government?
The Federalists and Anti-Federalists
What land purchase in 1803 doubled the size of the United States?
The Louisiana Purchase
What major waterway did the Louisiana Purchase give the US control of?
The Mississippi River
What issue caused the most controversy in the debates and writing a new constitution to replace the Articles?
Representation in Congress
How did the Great Compromise settle the issues of representation in the Congress as the Constitution was written?
Created a TWO house Congress; The House of Representatives was based on the population of the states; the Senate has equal representation for each state.
How would slaves be counted for representation to satisfy both the northern and southern states?
3/5 of slaves would be counted for population and for taxation
Who became the first president of the United States?
George Washington
What progressive reforms did Theodore Roosevelt try to create as president?
Protecting the environment (expanding the National Park Service), protecting consumers (Pure Food & Drug act, etc.), limiting big business by ending trusts and monopolies (enforce Sherman Anti-Trust Act)
Which amendment gave suffrage to all men regardless of race?
15th amendment
Which organization formed during the Progressive era was a result of the work and ideas of W.E.B Dubois and Ida B. Wells?
NAACP - National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
How did the process of popular sovereignty work for deciding the slavery question in the western territories?
Citizens in the territory would vote whether to become a slave state or a free state.
What important decision was made by the Supreme Court in the case of Dred Scott v. Sanford?
Dred Scott was not a citizen and could not sue in court; He was still a slave, even though he had been taken to a free state; Slaves were property and could be taken anywhere.
What event finally caused the southern slave states to secede from the Union and form the Confederacy?
The 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln as president
Where did the Indian Removal Act move native groups such as the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Seminole?
West of the Mississippi River to territory that would later be the state of Oklahoma
What nickname was given to westward path taken by the Native Americans of the southeast US because of the suffering and death that occurred along the way?
The Trail of Tears
What country did the US fight against during the War of 1812?
Great Britain
Which amendment was a result of the women’s suffrage movement?
The 19th amendment
What rights does amendment 14 guarantee to all citizens of the US?
Equal protection of the law
Due process of law
What nickname was given to young women of the 1920s who left behind traditional values, raised their hemlines, and bobbed their hair?
Flappers
People who made alcohol illegally, or even smuggled it, were called _______.
Bootleggers
During the 1920s a ‘speakeasy’ was a name given to what type of business?
An illegal bar