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10th grade > US History lessons 6-9 > Flashcards

US History lessons 6-9 Flashcards

1
Q

what was the first permanent english settlement in north america and when was it founded?

A

jamestown in 1607. though many died, it was seen as a success.

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2
Q

what purposes for the colony were stated in its charter?

A

to establish a colony and spread the christian religion

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3
Q

what landmark events for america took place in this colony?

A

1) they had a representative assembly
2) dutch trading ship landed with 20 african americans. the dutch traded them for goods

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4
Q

define puritans and separatists.

A

puritan- those who wanted to purify the church
separatist- those who wanted no part of the anglican church and sought to be separate

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5
Q

what is the mayflower compact and what is its significance?

A

its the first document of government in america, and it set the pattern for drawing up a guiding written document whenever people established a new government.

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6
Q

what country did england take the colony from that became new york?

A

the netherlands from the dutch

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7
Q

what religious group is associated with the founding of pennsylvania?

A

society of friends

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8
Q

what is the mason-dixon line?

A

the boundary between PA and MD

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9
Q

what were the original purposes for the colony of georgia?

A

1) economic venture for investors
2) buffer zone between other english colonies

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10
Q

what country posed the only serious threat to the english control of north america?

A

france

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11
Q

what were the most common reasons for people to come from europe to america?

A

chance to start a new life and possibilities

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12
Q

what was the most common occupation of the colonists?

A

farmers

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13
Q

what were the three steps in learning and practicing a trade?

A

1) apprenticeship with master craftsmen
2) became journeyman
3) eventually reached craftsman

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14
Q

how did the availability of land and labor differ between england and america?

A

england- land was scarce and labor was plentiful
america- land was plentiful and labor was scarce

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15
Q

what is an indentured servant?

A

a slave that only serves for a certain period of time

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16
Q

what were some limits on womens social and political rights?

A

they couldn’t vote, preach, hold office, go to college, testify, or own property

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17
Q

what were some differences that developed among the colonies in different regions of america?

A

new england- home to farmers
southern- large plantations that produce cash crops
middle- mixture of other two regions

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18
Q

what area had the greatest interest in education?

A

new england

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19
Q

why were english accents different in different regions of america?

A

dialects of different countries mixed

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20
Q

briefly characterize relationships between english settlers and native americans

A

some became dependent on the settlers, others opposed them fiercely

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21
Q

what priest challenged the practice of selling indulgences?

A

MARTIN LUTHER-
-big figure during the reformation
-influenced the catholic church greatly, but didn’t mean to split them apart. he just had his own ideas, and didn’t think the church was right
-printed the Bible in german, people can now read the Bible for theselves
-the people who agreed with him were called lutherans
-his ideas spread quickly because of the printing press

22
Q

what do we call the points of debate martin luther raised about this practice?

A

95 theses

23
Q

what year did the reformation take place?

A

1517

24
Q

how did luther make it possible for the average person to know the Bible?

A

he translated the Bible to german

25
Q

the reformation started what war in europe?

A

the 30 years war. the war lasted from 1618-1648, and it was the longest and most destructive war in european history

26
Q

how did the protestant reformation affect exploration and political thought?

A

people came to reject the idea of submitting to political ideas/systems; they wanted the freedom to govern themselves.

27
Q

WHAT HAPPENED DURING THE REFORMATION?

A

-tons of money went to building cathedrals
-the catholic church was the primary influence over secular government
-protestant protest- 7 princes in the holy roman empire
-secular rulers used to be appointed to be bishops, but the catholic church stopped this when people started leaving

28
Q

WHAT HAPPENED DURING THE COUNTER REFORMATION?

A

-jesuits began schools, universities, etc.
-missionaries lived among the people; they were humble
-catholic church became more unified

29
Q

who purchased rhode island from the native americans?

A

roger williams

30
Q

this is just important flip it

A

LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION
1) protestant churches flourished
2) education became more important
3) ended christian unity in europe and set the stage for the modern world

31
Q

who lost their power during the reformation and who gained it?

A

individual monarchs gained power during the reformation and the church lost it

32
Q

where did the name virginia come from?

A

Elizabeth I was called the virgin queen. hence the name virginia

33
Q

where did bloody mary come from

A

the house of tudor mary

34
Q

NEW YORK

A

-henry hudson sailed to america on behalf of the netherlands
-dutch claimed area up hudson river
-new netherlands was a dutch colony until english took over without a shot fired

35
Q

MARYLAND

A

-planned to be created as a refuge for english catholics
-complete freedom of religion

36
Q

DELAWARE

A

-given to william penn in 1682
-became a separate colony in 1701

37
Q

PENNSYLVANIA

A

-given to william penn (who was a quaker)
-religious freedom

38
Q

NEW JERSEY

A

-duke of york granted control of area between hudson and delaware river to 2 of his friends, who established NJ

39
Q

MASSACHUSETTS

A

-in 1630, a group of puritans made colony MA about 5 miles north of plymouth
-became boston
-gov. john winthrop (king) gave control to people
-plymouth, MA bay, and maine became 1 colony in 1691

40
Q

CT, NH

A

CT- thomas hooker led formation of colony in 1637 (this colony was made up of people who left MA bay colony peacefully)
NH- split off peacefully from MA colony in 1679

41
Q

RHODE ISLAND

A

-roger williams believed gov. should be separate from practice of religion
-believed settlers should buy land but was banished from MA bay
-setted/purchased RI from indians in 1636

42
Q

CAROLINAS

A

-charles II in 1663 gave 8 proprietors a land grant south of VA
-named area carolina in honor of charles
-1st charter written was complicated and abandoned
-NC and SC formed in 1729 from turmoil

43
Q

GEORGIA

A

-founded by sir james in 1773
-overseen by trustees in england
-economic venture for investors
-buffer zone between other english colonies

44
Q

idk what this is but it was in my notes so its prolly important

A

-1588 philip II was king of spain
-armada (ship) was used to control england
-marquez de santa cruz led the armada, died before ship sailed
-sidonia took over
-england defeated spain and never did it again to anyone
-armada was the ship that carried 130 men

45
Q

who sailed to a “new founde land” for england in 1497?

A

john cabot

46
Q

what was the first attempt to establish a colony in north america?

A

roanoke island off NC

47
Q

what happened to the roanoke island colony?

A

abandoned

48
Q

who became king of england when Elizabeth I died?

A

king james VI of scotland

49
Q

what is the idea of the divine rights of kings?

A

since God places the king on the throne, the king answers only to God

50
Q

what three factors encouraged english efforts at colonization?

A

1) trading companies
2) economic philosophy of mercantilism
3) change in english agriculture

51
Q

define mercantilism

A

the government encouraged and assisted private businesses

52
Q

what country did england defeat in sea battle and thus increase her power in world affairs?

A

spain

10th grade (12 decks)

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