US History Exam

Question 1

Colonial traders carried rum, molasses, slaves and gold between North American, Africa and the Caribbean in this trade

Answer 1

Triangle Trade

Question 2

The conflict between the British and the French over this area ignited the French and Indian War in 1754

Answer 2

Ohio River Valley

Question 3

The Treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian War. It’s most far reaching result was

Answer 3

France losing almost all its possessions in the New World and England gaining control over the New World

Question 4

Britain tried to stop the settlement of American colonists west of the Appalachians with this

Answer 4

Proclamation of 1763

Question 5

The main reason for the American colonists declaring their independence from Great Britain

Answer 5

Taxation without Representation

Question 6

This early battle of the Revolution was a costly victory for the British and it proved that untrained Americans could stand and fight well against the greatest army of the world

Answer 6

Bunker Hill

Question 7

This battle was the turning point of the Revolution. After the American victory here the French joined the fight on the American side against the British

Answer 7

Saratoga

Question 8

These were the first battles of the American Revolution and the “Shot heard ‘round the World

Answer 8

Lexington and Concord

Question 9

One of the last battles of the Revolution. It convinced the British to make peace and won Americans their independence

Answer 9

Yorktown

Question 10

This battle was fought on Christmas 1775 when Washington crossed the Delaware River with his men and captured 900 Hessian soldiers

Answer 10

Trenton

Question 11

This was the colonist’s most powerful weapon against British taxes. It forced the British to repeal the Stamp Act

Answer 11

Boycott

Question 12

The ideas of John Locke and Thomas Jefferson expressed in the Declaration of Independence stressed the fact that governmental power should rest upon the:

Answer 12

people

Question 13

When Jefferson wrote the Declaration he drew upon Locke’s concepts of:

Answer 13

Natural Rights

Question 14

Thomas Paine’s pamphlet that changed many American minds and convinced many people to support the cause of independence

Answer 14

Common Sense

Question 15

One of the big problems with the Treaty of Paris that ended the Revolution between American and Great Britain was that Britain did not evacuate:

Answer 15

Its American Forts

Question 16

“Father of Constitution”

Answer 16

James Madison

Question 17

What was the main purpose of the Federalist Papers?

Answer 17

To persuade delegates to sign the Constitution

Question 18

Where was the Constitutional Convention held?

Answer 18

Philadelphia

Question 19

The Federalist’s promised to add the what to the Constitution if it was ratified

Answer 19

Bill of Rights

Question 20

How many of the 13 new states had to ratify the Constitution for it to become the supreme law of the land?

Answer 20

9

Question 21

The First Amendment guarantees all of the following rights

Answer 21

freedom of speech, religion, press

Question 22

convinced the majority of Americans that the country was heading for disaster under the Articles of Confederation and that a constitutional convention should be called

Answer 22

Shay’s Rebellion

Question 23

proposed by Roger Sherman, was an agreement made at the Constitutional Convention between the large and small states about how each state would be represented in a bicameral Congress.

Answer 23

Great Compromise

Question 24

The compromise that called for three-fifths of all slaves to be counted for representational purposes is called the

Answer 24

3/5ths Compromise

Question 25

Under the Federal government powers held by the states alone are called

Answer 25

Reserved Powers

Question 26

Under the Constitution powers held by the Federal government over the states are called

Answer 26

Delegated Powers

Question 27

Under the Constitution powers shared by both the states and the Federal government are called

Answer 27

Concurrent Powers

Question 28

The idea that the U.S. government has certain powers and that state governments have certain other powers is known as

Answer 28

Federalism

Question 29

The system of safeguards in the Constitution that prevents one branch from becoming stronger than the others is known as

Answer 29

Checks & Balances

Question 30

This branch of government whose major responsibility is to carry out laws is the

Answer 30

executive

Question 31

What does Congress consist of?

Answer 31

Senate and House of Representatives

Question 32

The President is officially elected by:

Answer 32

the electoral college

Question 33

War may be declared only by:

Answer 33

Congress

Question 34

A president is impeached when:

Answer 34

The House of Representatives accused him of a crime

Question 35

A change in or addition to the Constitution is known as an

Answer 35

amendment

Question 36

The formation of political parties can be traced to the different philosophies of

Answer 36

Thomas Jefferson & Alexander Hamilton

Question 37

The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the:

Answer 37

Federal judicial system

Question 38

Which Rebellion and its outcome established the precedent that the Federal government had the power to enforce federal laws and order within states?

Answer 38

The Whiskey Rebellion

Question 39

Who was the first Secretary of the Treasury?

Answer 39

Alexander Hamilton

Question 40

Who was the first Secretary of State?

Answer 40

Thomas Jefferson

Question 41

A broad undefined territory west of the Mississippi River acquired by the United States from France in 1803 for $15 million, doubling the size of the United States was the

Answer 41

Louisiana Purchase

Question 42

This event led to an undeclared naval war between France and the United States

Answer 42

The XYZ Affair

Question 43

In reaction to the war between France and England, President Washington issued a declaration of

Answer 43

neutrality

Question 44

The case of Marbury v. Madison was significant because it established that:

Answer 44

the Supreme Court had the right to judicial review

Question 45

What was one of the reasons the U.S. declared war against the British in 1812? The ___________ of U.S. sailors and seizure of American ships

Answer 45

impressment

Question 46

The Treaty of Ghent, which ended The War of 1812, maintained the status quo anti bellum. Based on the strength of the British navy, the U.S. could have lost badly. Why did Britain agree to end the war so soon?

Answer 46

They needed to concentrate on Napoleon and the issues going on in Europe

Question 47

What is ironic about the great American victory over the British in the Battle of New Orleans won by General Jackson?

Answer 47

The battle was fought after the war officially ended

Question 48

Who invented the cotton gin, interchangeable parts, and mass production?

Answer 48

Eli Whitney

Question 49

he proposed the American System to unify the nation, create a national currency and improve methods of transportation in the new nation

Answer 49

Henry Clay

Question 50

This warned European powers not to interfere with the affairs of the U.S. and the Western Hemisphere

Answer 50

Monroe Doctrine

Question 51

This Compromise admitted Missouri to the Union as a slave state, Maine as a free state and made slavery illegal in the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase

Answer 51

Missouri

Question 52

The “spoils system” is associated with the election of President:

Answer 52

Andrew Jackson

Question 53

He believed in the Union, and he was known as the Great Compromiser who kept North and South together through compromise for almost 40 years

Answer 53

Henry Clay

Question 54

The Cherokee people called their forced relocation west of the Mississippi River the:

Answer 54

Trail of Tears

Question 55

As the abolition movement gained power in the North, Southerners tended to:

Answer 55

defend slavery more strongly

Question 56

What is Frederick Douglass famous for?

Answer 56

an escaped slave who published a newspaper and lectured on evils of slavery

Question 57

Who was the founder of the method of peaceful protest called Civil Disobedience?

Answer 57

Henry David Thoreau

Question 58

Slave codes were designed to

Answer 58

tighten controls on African Americans

Question 59

The temperance movement got its name from a word meaning self-restraint and was an effort to

Answer 59

restrict the consumption of alcohol

Question 60

The belief that the United States was meant to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican Territory was known as

Answer 60

Manifest Destiny

Question 61

The slogan “fifty-four Forth or Fight” refers to

Answer 61

Oregon

Question 62

The conflicts over the balance of free and slave states delayed the annexation of

Answer 62

Texas

Question 63

Only president to fulfill every campaign compromise and pledge himself to only one term and ran on a Manifest Destiny election ticket

Answer 63

James K. Polk

Question 64

The Texan troops moved into this Franciscan mission in order to prevent Santa Anna’s troops from moving farther north

Answer 64

The Alamo

Question 65

The term “forty-niners” refers to

Answer 65

California gold miners

Question 66

Texan commander-in-chief during Texas Revolution against Mexico

Answer 66

Sam Houston

Question 67

The victory responsible for winning Texan independence from Mexico was

Answer 67

near the San Jancito River

Question 68

The primary dispute between the U.S. and Mexico that prompted the Mexican-American War in 1846 was the U.S. demand that the border between Mexico and the U.S. be the

Answer 68

Rio Grande River

Question 69

The Wilmot Proviso called for the banning of what in all territories won from Mexico

Answer 69

Slavery

Question 70

The Admission of California as a free states, the adoption of a stricter fugitive slave law, and the adoption of popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico were all part of the

Answer 70

Compromise of 1850

Question 71

The Free-Soil Party was opposed to the expansion of what to the territories of the U.S.

Answer 71

Slavery

Question 72

In this decision, the Supreme Court ruled that being on free territory did not make a slave free

Answer 72

Dred Scott

Question 73

Leaving the decision of whether a territory would become free or slave up to the voters of the territory was called

Answer 73

Popular Sovereignty

Question 74

Lincoln’s position that slavery was a moral evil and its spread to the territories had to be stopped was expressed during the

Answer 74

Lincoln Douglas Debates

Question 75

The Republican Party was formed by people who agreed about their ___________ to slavery

Answer 75

opposition

Question 76

he was elected president in 1860 when the country split along sectional lines. He carried all the Northern states and none of the Southern States

Answer 76

Abraham Lincoln

Question 77

The first state to secede from the Union 1860

Answer 77

South Carolina

Question 78

The first president of the new Confederate States of America

Answer 78

Jefferson Davis

Question 79

When the Civil War began, Lincoln’s main goal was to

Answer 79

Save the Union

Question 80

The first shots of the Civil war were fired in

Answer 80

Fort Sumter

Question 81

an infamous prisoner of war camp where captured Union soldiers died by the thousands

Answer 81

Andersonville

Question 82

the single bloodiest day in American history

Answer 82

The Battle of Antietam

Question 83

As a result of this battle, Lincoln had the victory he needed to issue the Emancipation Proclomation

Answer 83

Antietam

Question 84

The Civil War battle considered the turning point of the Civil War because it crippled Confederate Forces so badly that they never again invaded the North

Answer 84

Gettysburg

Question 85

The final surrender of Robert E. Lee’s Confederate Army occurred at

Answer 85

Appomattox Court House

Question 86

President Lincoln and the North finally realized the war would be longer and bloodier than they originally thought after

Answer 86

The Battle of Bull Run

Question 87

this freed no slaves but gave the Union troops a high, moral purpose for fighting the war and prevented England and France from interfering on the side of the South

Answer 87

The Emancipation Proclamation

Question 88

She is best known for her efforts to improve soldiers health conditions

Answer 88

Clara Barton

Question 89

The Union’s wartime military strategy to strangle the South through blockade and cut her in half by traveling up the Mississippi River was known as the

Answer 89

Anaconda Plan

Question 90

On the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg, this charge allowed the North to devastate the Confederate army causing them to retreat, ending the Battle of Gettysburg

Answer 90

Pickett’s Charge

Question 91

These generals adopted a strategy of “total war” against the South

Answer 91

Grant & Sherman

Question 92

Lincoln’s approach to ______________ was to make it relatively easy for the South to return to the Union

Answer 92

Reconstruction

Question 93

This regulated and restricted the lives of Southern African Americans

Answer 93

Black Codes

Question 94

This Amendment ended slavery

Answer 94

13

Question 95

This Amendment provided citizenship and civil rights for freed slaves

Answer 95

14

Question 96

This signaled the end of Reconstruction

Answer 96

The Compromise of 1877

Question 97

This Amendment protected the voting rights of all male citizens, regardless of race, color, or having been a slave

Answer 97

15

Question 98

This group used terrorist tactics in an effort to prevent African Americans from exercising their political rights

Answer 98

KKK

Question 99

The House of Representatives impeached President Johnson for having violated the

Answer 99

Tenure of Office Act

Question 100

Under this act, anyone who wanted to claim land had to work the land and make improvements for five years

Answer 100

Homestead Act

Question 100

President Grant and Reconstruction lost popularity with voters because of

Answer 100

Scandals & Corruption

Question 101

____________ of the Plains Indians was intended to help them adapt to white culture

Answer 101

Assimilation

Question 102

The election of this president marked the collapse of Populism

Answer 102

William McKinley

Question 103

When the U.S. Army’s seventh cavalry slaughtered 300 Native Americans in South Dakota, marking an end to the wars between federal government and the Plains Indians

Answer 103

Battle of Wounded Knee

Question 104

This was the most responsible for bringing an end to the era of the wide-open western frontier

Answer 104

Barbed Wire

Question 105

This was the technique used by labor unions to gain workers rights

Answer 105

Collective Bargaining

Question 106

This made it possible during the late 1800’s for skyscrapers to be constructed

Answer 106

Steel

Question 107

This term was used to justify the existence of poverty, the success of big business, and the power of millionaire industrialists

Answer 107

Social Darwinism

Question 108

He attempted to control the entire steel industry through vertical integration and horizontal consolidation

Answer 108

Andrew Carnegie

Question 109

He took control of the oil industry in the United States

Answer 109

John D. Rockefeller

Question 110

A term used to describe workers who are used to break strikes

Answer 110

Scab

Question 111

The robber barons of the late 1800’s were

Answer 111

Powerful industrialists

Question 112

The Great Strike of 1877 spread through this industry in an effort to protest workers’ dissatisfaction with their wages

Answer 112

Railroad

Question 113

Appointing a friend to political office would be an example of

Answer 113

patronage

Question 114

This term is used to refer to the late 1800’s because it was a period in which glamour hid corruption

Answer 114

Gilded Age

Question 115

The the legal requirements for an immigrant to enter the United States between 1870-1920 included

Answer 115

passing a literacy test, proving they could work, having at least $25

Question 116

An immigrant who went through Angel Island was likely to have come from

Answer 116

Asia

Question 117

Immigrants who came to the U.S. through Ellis Island most likely came from

Answer 117

Europe

Question 118

The first black graduated from Harvard with a PhD., who advocated rapid movement toward integration was

Answer 118

W.E.B. DuBois

Question 119

Southern states used grandfather clause to keep blacks from

Answer 119

voting

Question 120

These laws were used to keep the races separate

Answer 120

Jim Crow

Question 121

In this court case, the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation was legal if accommodations were separate, but equal.

Answer 121

Plessy v. Ferguson

Question 122

This Amendment allowed for the direct election of senators by the people

Answer 122

16

Question 123

This Amendment allowed for a federal income tax

Answer 123

17

Question 124

Upton Sinclair wrote this novel, which exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry

Answer 124

The Jungle

Question 125

This Amendment allowed women to vote

Answer 125

19

Question 126

In what area of society did Progressives between the years of 1890-1920 fail?

Answer 126

Civil Rights

Question 127

Journalists, cartoonists, artists, photographers who exposed corruption were called

Answer 127

Muckrakers

Question 128

Economic, political and military competition with other nations, the belief that American Anglo-Saxon Christian culture was supreme and the desire for colonies and coaling stations for the navy stimulated U.S. ___________

Answer 128

imperialism

Question 129

The De Lome Letter and the explosion of the U.S.S. Maine caused the United States to enter

Answer 129

The Spanish-American War

Question 130

The United States received these areas in 1898 as a result of the Treaty of Paris

Answer 130

Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines

Question 131

The U.S. was eager to build a canal in Panama because it would cut travel time in half from New York to San Francisco and would eliminate the need for the U.S. to keep ________

Answer 131

2 Fleets

Question 132

The event that triggered the First World War was

Answer 132

an assassination in Sarajevo, Bosnia

Question 133

The following countries were considered The Allied Powers

Answer 133

Britain, France, U.S., Russia

Question 134

The barriers of barbed wire and mines between opposing trenches during WW1 was called

Answer 134

No Man’s Land

Question 135

This British ocean liner carrying American passengers was sunk by German U-Boats

Answer 135

Lusitania

Question 136

The “overt act” and violation of diplomatic relations that led the U.S. to declare war on Germany during WW1 was

Answer 136

The Zimmerman Telegram

Question 137

The U.S. overcame the threat of U-Boats by using a

Answer 137

convoy system

Question 138

Americans were asked to observe meatless and wheat-less days so that

Answer 138

food supplies could be sent to troops

Question 139

Wilson’s Fourteen Points peace plan was rejected by the

Answer 139

Allied leaders

Question 140

The U.S. Senate’s opposition to U.S. membership in the League of Nations centered on the belief that it would

Answer 140

drag the country into European conflicts

Question 141

The main purpose of The Treaty of Versailles was to

Answer 141

end the war and have peace for all

Question 142

This describes the era after the Eighteenth Amendment went into effect, banning alcoholic beverages

Answer 142

Prohibition

Question 143

This was an “underground” saloon or nightclub where liquor was sold illegally.

Answer 143

Speakeasy

Question 144

The panic surrounding the threat of communism in the early 1920s was called

Answer 144

The Red Scare

Question 145

John T. Scopes challenged a Tennessee law that forbade the teaching of

Answer 145

Evolution

Question 146

The day a record number of people tried to sell their stock and the market crashed on Wall Street is called

Answer 146

Black Tuesday

Question 147

Drought, winds and overproduction of crops created caused the middle of the country to become

Answer 147

The Dust Bowl

Question 148

Buying on margin refers to a way of purchasing a

Answer 148

Stock

Question 149

The WW1 vets who marched on Washington seeking loans on money promised to them in 1945 were called the

Answer 149

Bonus Army

Question 150

Because investors were paying more for stock than it was actually worth during the 1920s, stock prices

Answer 150

rose

Question 151

How long did the Great Depression last for?

Answer 151

1929-1941

Question 152

Relief for the needy, economic recovery and financial reform were all goals of

Answer 152

The New Deal

Question 153

The first major action Franklin Delano Roosevelt took as president to combat the Great Depression was he

Answer 153

closed all of the nation’s banks and ordered inspections

Question 154

What was most directly responsible for creating new jobs and putting people to work during the Great Depression?

Answer 154

Works Progress Administration

Question 155

Roosevelt’s means of communicating directly with the public

Answer 155

Fireside Chats

Question 156

A German military strategy that depended on surprise and overwhelming force

Answer 156

Blitzkrieg

Question 157

The United States entered WW2 as a direct result of

Answer 157

Pearl Harbor

Question 158

Britain and France declared war on Germany in response to

Answer 158

Germany’s invasion of Poland

Question 159

These nations became the Axis Powers after they signed a mutual defense treaty in 1940

Answer 159

Japan, Italy, Germany

Question 160

The Axis Power’s alliance worried FDR because he saw that the U.S., if drawn into the war would have to

Answer 160

fight a two ocean war

Question 161

This allowed Britain, France, and their allies to obtain U.S. weapons without having to pay cash up front

Answer 161

The Lend-Lease Act

Question 162

December 7, 1941 is the date of

Answer 162

The Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor

Question 163

The Supreme Commander of U.S. forces in Europe during WWII was

Answer 163

Eisenhower

Question 164

D-Day was the code name for the Allied invasion of

Answer 164

France

Question 165

The purpose of the Manhattan Project was to

Answer 165

build the atomic bomb

Question 166

The final decision to drop the atomic bomb was made by

Answer 166

Harry Truman

Question 167

This Bill was applied to U.S. government issued uniforms, U.S. government issued weapons and U.S. soldiers during WW2

Answer 167

GI (Government Issue)

Question 168

When Churchill and FDR made war plans in December 1941, they decided the top priority of the Allies was to

Answer 168

defeat Germany first

Question 169

The atomic bombs were dropped on

Answer 169

Hiroshima & Nagasaki

Question 170

During WWII, the only legal way to obtain most restricted/rationed goods in the U.S. was to buy them with

Answer 170

ration stamps

Question 171

What did the Selective Service System oversee

Answer 171

the draft

Question 172

During WW2, these were all the nations that joined against the Axis Powers

Answer 172

The Allies

Question 173

On V-E Day, May 8, 1945

Answer 173

Germany surrendered and war ended in Europe

Question 174

This country’s actions finally forced the United States to enter WWII

Answer 174

Japan

Question 175

The Atlantic Charter, drafted by Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, was a

Answer 175

statement of war goals

Question 176

This was the Allies invasion of Axis controlled North Africa, commanded by Dwight Eisenhower

Answer 176

Operation Torch

Question 177

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin made important decisions about the future at the

Answer 177

Yalta Conference

Question 178

They were an international peace keeping body

Answer 178

United Nations

Question 179

An important battle in which the Soviets defeated the Germans then started to push west toward Germany

Answer 179

Stalingrad

Question 180

a critical base to the United States in the Pacific. Over 6,000 U.S. Marines died taking this Japanese Island. U.S. Marines raised the U.S. flag on the island after the victory.

Answer 180

Iwo Jima

Question 181

This was Japan’s last defensive outpost. The Japanese unleashed more than 1,900 kamikaze attacks on the Allies during this campaign, which was a horrible preview of what the Allies imagined the final invasion of Japan’s home islands would be like.

Answer 181

Okinawa

Question 182

The Allies’ planned invasion of Hitler’s fortress in Europe

Answer 182

Operation Overlord

Question 183

Nazi war criminals were tried for war crimes in _________, Germany

Answer 183

Nuremberg

Question 184

Japanese suicide plane

Answer 184

Kamikaze