US History Age of Jackson Notes Flashcards
Define Era of Good Feeling
- 1815-1825
- political factions were non-existent
- strong sense of unity/nationalism that followed war of 1812
- economic prosperity were due to IR and the american system
Define Nationalism
- a belief that national interest should be put ahead of regional interest
Define Industrial Revolution
- traditional method of making goods replaced by machines
What was the lifestyle differences between North and South?
North: factories, urban cities, immigrant + women/children labors
South: cash crops, plantations, slavery
Who was Andrew Jackson?
- born during the Revolution Era in Tennessee
- War Hero (Battle of New Orleans)
- rugged/tough character
Who ran in the election of 1824?
- Andrew Jackson
- Henry Clay
- John Quincy Adam
Who did Andrew Jackson support?
- the common man
Who had the most popular votes in the election of 1824?
Jackson
Who had the most electoral votes?
Quincy
Define corrupt bargain
- Jackson has popular vote
- Clay swings House of Representatives to choose Quincy
- Quincy won and made Clay Speaker of the House
What was the important outcomes of the election of 1828?
- Both candidates clashed
- Jackson and Clay (Whig) feuded over issues
- This created political divisions in America, leading to sectionalism
Define sectionalism
- political, economic, and social beliefs are determined by the region in which you live
Define Jacksonian Democracy
- political philosophy of Andrew Jackson that Andrew Jackson reshaped american politics and government.
Define spoils System
- idea of rewarding political supporters with public office
- Jackson appointed friends and supporters to high level positions (kitchen cabinet)
Define tariff
- tariffs are taxes that the government puts on goods brought in from other countries
What are the pros and cons of tariffs?
Pros: promoted industry
Cons: did not benefit collective interests of states and alienated their trade partners
Who supported and opposed tariffs?
The North supported it, the South opposed it
Who was John Calhoun?
- Vice President under Jackson
- South Carolina and Calhoun called for nullification of the tariff
Define nullify
to cancel a federal law if it conflicted a state interest
What was the nullification crisis?
a period of time where the south (VP John Calhoun) called for nullification.
What was the compromise tariff of 1833?
- South mostly compiled
- South Carolina threatens secession
- Henry Clay proposed a compromise that lowered the tariff rates over 10 years.
Define secession
formal withdrawal of a state from a union
What was the indian removal act
- 1830
- Supported relocation of Native Americans to Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
Who was Sequoyah
devised the Cherokee alphabet
What was the Worcester vs. Georgia case
- Cherokee fought relocation
- Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in favor of Cherokee
- Jackson ignored decision
What was the trail of tears
The relocation of Native Americans to Indian Territory
What famous Congressman opposed the removal?
Davy Crockett
Who won the election of 1832?
Andrew Jackson
What was the important purpose of the 2nd bank of US?
bank profits benefitted stockholders
Define veto
when a bill or law goes to the president and they say no
Who was Nicholas Biddle
bank president
Define pet banks
- pulled the federal money and put it into pet banks
What was the Panic of 1937
- severe economic depression resulting from the bank veto.
