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Cold War > US Foreign Policies in Asia > Flashcards

US Foreign Policies in Asia Flashcards

1
Q

Who took sole occupation of Japan after they surrendered at the end of WW2?

A

USA

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2
Q

What policy did the USA introduced to Japan in 1947?

A

‘reverse course’

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3
Q

What did the ‘reverse course’ policy mean?

A

-USA were not focused on the punishment of Japan
-Instead wanted emphasis on economic reconstruction to reach political stability

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4
Q

What was the central element of the USA’s planning for post-war Japan?

A

Economic stabilisation

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5
Q

What did the USA demand Japan join?

A

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

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6
Q

What does GATT stand for?

A

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

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7
Q

What was the purpose of GATT?

A

-To manage international trade
-Attempt to minimise tariffs and duties in order to maximise international trade

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8
Q

What treaty was agreed between Japan and the Allied powers?

A

The San Francisco Peace Treaty

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9
Q

When was the San Francisco Peace Treaty?

A

September 1951

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10
Q

How did the USSR and PRC react to the San Francisco Peace Treaty?

A

Refused to sign the agreement

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11
Q

What did the San Francisco Treaty give the USA unrestricted use of in Japan?

A

Military bases

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12
Q

What was US policy towards Japan up to 1954 driven by?

A

The threat of communism in Korea

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13
Q

What was US policy towards Japan after 1954?

A

Managing rearmament in order to avoid any consequences that might lead to instability

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14
Q

What was Acheson’s view on North Korea’s purpose in May 1951?

A

To destabilise Japan, Southeast Asia and the Philippines

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15
Q

What were US motives for involvement in the Korean War?

A

-Containment
-Protect Japan

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16
Q

How did America support South Korea in the Korean war?

A

-‘roll back’
-260,000 troops

17
Q

What was USA’s main goal in the Korean war?

A

To protect South Korea

18
Q

What was signed in July 1953?

A

Korean Armistice

19
Q

Who signed the Korean Armistice?

A

-USA
-China
-North Korea

20
Q

What was a significant delaying factor in the Korean Armistice?

A

Stalin

21
Q

What was Acheson’s strategy in Asia known as?

A

Defensive Perimeter Strategy

22
Q

What was the Defensive Perimeter Strategy?

A

Defined specific places that the USA must defend

23
Q

Who did the US refuse entry into the UN?

A

China

24
Q

What parts of Truman’s national security policy did Eisenhower accept in relation to Asia?

A

The USA must retain its influence in Asia

25
Q

What conference took place in July 1954?

A

Geneva Conference

26
Q

What was agreed at the Geneva Conference?

A

-Paved the way for a ceasefire in Vietnam
-Two zones to be created, separated by the 17th parallel

Cold War (4 decks)

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