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History 10 > US, Europe And The World In Early 1800's > Flashcards

US, Europe And The World In Early 1800's Flashcards

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1
Q

Hamilton’s financial plans

A

Hamilton proposed thqt the government takes on the debt of the federal government and the states

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2
Q

Bank of the United States

A

Hamilton created the bank to handle the debts of war and to make a form of currency

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3
Q

Elastic clause

A

Granted congress the power to pass all necessary laws

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4
Q

Strict/loose construction

A

Hamilton was a loose constructionist, believing in a loose interpretation of the constitution, while Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation

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5
Q

Federalists

A

People who believe in a strong central government

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6
Q

Anti federalists/ democratic republicans

A

People who believe that states should be individually governed

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7
Q

Whiskey rebellion

A

A tax protest in the US lasting 3 years

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8
Q

Sectionalism

A

As the civil war grew closer sectionalism became more of a problem. It is the division of two territories the north and the south (dividing the country and weakening it)

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9
Q

Advise and consent

A

A term used when enacting bills and other things regarding the constitution

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10
Q

Jays treaty

A

Stopped the war and cleared any issues since the Paris treaty

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11
Q

Citizen genet

A

French envoy to the United stayed and his actions when he arrived caused a big conflict known as the the citizen genet affair

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12
Q

Washington’s farewell adress

A

Washington urged the Americans to avoid dividing by political party as well as being weary of long term alliances

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13
Q

XYZ affair

A

A dispute that became an undeclared war between France and the US

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14
Q

Alien and sedition acts

A

Signed by John Adams it added new powers to deport foreigners and make new immigrants have to go through a process before being able to vote

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15
Q

Virginia and Kentucky resolves

A

Virginia and Kentucky found the alien and secition acts to be unconstitutional

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16
Q

Nullification

A

To make something void or kill

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17
Q

Election of 1800

A

Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams in the presidential election. It was the first transfer of power from one party to another

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18
Q

Jeffersonian view of government and americas future

A

He believed that there should not be a central government and that people should make their own choices for themselves

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19
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

A Supreme Court case that established the judicial review meaning that American courts can veto laws and other things that go against the constitution

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20
Q

Rise of Napoleon

A

After rising through the ranks in the military he staged a coup and crowned himself emporer

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21
Q

Concordat

A

An agreement specifically when relating to the Vatican and secular government regarding mutual benefits

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22
Q

Plebiscite

A

A vote where everyone can vote even the commoners

23
Q

Haitian revolution

A

A successful anti-slavery rebellion against the French

24
Q

Louisiana purchase

A

The US purchased Louisiana from France for a total of 68 million francs

25
Q

Infamous decree

A

Napoleon in an attempt to integrate Jews into French society passed what was later known as the infamous decree and it had adverse effects

26
Q

Battle of austerlitz

A

Known as one of the most important battles in the napoleonic wars, Napoleon led 68,000 French soldiers against 90,000 Russians and won

27
Q

Battle of trafalgar

A

A naval battle in which Britain fought the combined forces of France and Spain

28
Q

Continental system

A

Napoleon made it illegal for France, it’s allies, or neutrals to trade with Britain

29
Q

Embargo act

A

Jefferson made it illegal for American ships from trading in all foreign ports

30
Q

Invasion of russia

A

Napoleon and his 600,000 men were defeated trying to invade Russia

31
Q

Metternich

A

Austrias foreign minister. He was at the center of European affairs for 4 decades

32
Q

Concert of Europe

A

A system of conflict resolution by the powers of Europe to prevent further wars

33
Q

German confederation

A

Group of 39 German speaking countries to coordinate the economies of those countries

34
Q

War of 1812

A

A war between the US and its allies vs. Britain and its allies because the US wanted to expand its territories but Britain was restricting trade with them. The US won but didn’t gain extra territory

35
Q

War hawks

A

Group of politicians mostly westerners and southerners who declared war against England. They were strongly in favor of war and felt that the US could gain territory by winning a war against Britain

36
Q

Hartford convention

A

A series of meetings in which the New England Federalist Party met to talk about their opposition to the war of 1812 they were held in secret and even discussed leaving the US (shows how badly the northerners were suffering from the embargo and war.)

37
Q

Battle of New Orleans

A

Final battle of the war of 1812. Very bloody battle that was won by the Americans against the british

38
Q

Greek revolution

A

War of independence of the Greeks against the ottoman Turks in 1821 which established the new country of Greece

39
Q

Popular opinion

A

The opinion of the majority of the population

40
Q

Liberalism

A

An ideology that the governments duty is to protect the individual freedom and a government that interferes with individual freedom is considered not liberal

41
Q

Romantic nationalism

A

The idea that the nation is this amazing glorious this and that being part of it is a glorious thing but it’s an idea that is used to justify a lot of bad things

42
Q

Volksgeist

A

The national “spirit” of Germany (the feeling of belonging to a group)

43
Q

Jewish emancipation in Germany

A

Jew were freed (to live wherever they wanted to be in German society) in the late 1800’s. When Germany unified in 1871 each state had to agree to free Jews

44
Q

Germans of the mosaic faith

A

Jews that were part of the reform movement. Rather than identifying solely as Jews they identified as Germans of the mosaic faith (or Germans who followed the teachings of Moses) and this shows how they wanted to integrate into German society

45
Q

Chasam sofer

A

Important rabbi, halachist and torah commentator. Was a rabbi in Hungary who was known for him orthodox beliefs and opposition to the reform movement

46
Q

Napoleons invasion of Egypt

A

Napoleon invaded the area of Egypt and Syria and he claimed that it was to protect French trade interests and also for scientific research. Napoleon successfully took over Egypt

47
Q

Mehmet Ali

A

Ottoman military commander who became the leader of Egypt when napoleons forces left. He was viewed as the founder of modern Egypt because he put important changes into place in the military, economy and culture

48
Q

Janissaries

A

Turkish fighters who protected the ottoman emporer. They were a very powerful political force

49
Q

Tanzimat

A

Government reforms in the otttoman empire that added taxes in order to pay for more military defense, they also changed education and politics. This was all an effort to keep the Ottoman Empire intact but they failed

50
Q

Creoles

A

People of mixed European and black descent. Lived in area especially where grace colonized (Haiti,Louisiana etc.)

51
Q

Latin American revolutions

A

Wars of independence when colonies in Latin America fought with their colonizers and gained independence. France Britain Spain and Portugal all lost territories in Latin America due to these wars

52
Q

Panic of 1819

A

After the war of 1812 there was a lot of economic growth. By 1819 that growth had ended and banks failed, people lost their homes, prices dropped, and people went bankrupt there was a lot of unemployment and fear

53
Q

Monroe doctrine

A

US policy of opposing European colonialism in the americas. They do not want Europe controlling lands near the US

History 10 (3 decks)

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