Urology/Nephrology Quiz #5 Flashcards
What are the lower types of UTI?
urethritis
cystitis
prostatitis
sx of Lower UTI
dysuria urgency frequency suprapubic pain coudy urine strong odor to urine hematuria
types of upper UTI
pyelonephritis
ureteritis
sx of upper UTI
fever chills flank pain tender CVA GI sx dysuria
pathophys of UTI
ascending infections from perineal/urethra
hematogenous
direct extension from nearby organs
what are some organisms that cause UTI?
e. coli (80-90% of cystitis)
klebsiella
staph
chlamydia
What are host defenses in urinary tract?
WBCs in bladder
acidity of urine
urine flow flushes organisms
local antibodies
risk factors for UTIs
congenital malformations DM pregnancy vaginal intercourse hygiene
what cause 50% of urethritis?
gonococcal
sx of urethritis
urgency frequency tingling with urination urethral itching burning yellow or green d/c
sx of cystitis (bladder infection)
burning or painful urination
frequency
urgency
nocturia
what are sx that are present in urethritis that are not present in cystitis?
tingling
urethral itching
yellow/green d/c
*nocturia is only present in cystitis
sx of acute pyelonephritis
rapid onset chills, fever (over 101) tachycardia flank pain N/V frequency and urgency
what are complications of acute pyelonephritis?
renal abscess (wall off abscess in kidney)
nephritic syndromes
glomerular inflammatory process that causes renal dysfunction
mnemonic for nephritic syndrome
Proteinuria Hematuria Azotemia RBC casts Oliguria HTN
Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
Type III hypersensitivity
GABHS
5-15 yo
sx of post-infectious glomerulonephritis
post pharyngitis fever, confusion, HTN, periorbital edema hematuria HA N/V malaise
Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
glomerular crescent formations
that can lead to end stage renal failure
What is Goodpasture’s (a type 1 RPGN) associated with?
influenza A infection
What is Henoch-schonlein purport (type 2 RPGN) associated with?
IgA immune complexes
What is Wegeners granulomatosis (type 3 RPGN) assocaited with
necrotizing GN
Berger’s disease
IgA nephropathy
most common worldwide
peaks in teens and 20s
sx of Bergers
episodic gross hematuria
gastroenteritis
proteinuria
HTN
