Urology Diagnostic Testing

Question 1

Symptoms of deficiency of this hormone include decreased libido, energy, muscle mass, body hair

Answer 1

testosterone

Question 2

Single most important diagnostic test for male hypogonadism

Answer 2

testosterone

Question 3

Normal range for testosterone

Answer 3

300-800 ng/dL

Question 4

When should testosterone levels be tested?

Answer 4

8AM

Question 5

Testosterone low and LH and FSH high

Answer 5

primary hypogonadism

Question 6

Testosterone low and LH and FSH low

Answer 6

secondary hypogonadism

Question 7

Indirect measurement of prostate glandular size in men without cancer

Answer 7

PSA

Question 8

Medications that reduce PSA

Answer 8

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, NSAIDs, Statins, thiazides

Question 9

what is important to follow when using PSA values to assess for prostate cancer?

Answer 9

the trend-how much has the PSA increased over the last year

Question 10

A higher value indicates greater likelihood of cancer.

It is not considered to be as specific as PSA Velocity or Free/Total PSA (not useful)

Answer 10

PSA density

Question 11

What happens to the percentage of free PSA and total PSA in men with prostate cancer?

Answer 11

free PSA decreases and total PSA increases

Question 12

When should you talk to patients about prostate cancer if they’re at an average risk?

Answer 12

age 50 if they’re expected to live another 10 yrs

Question 13

When should you talk to patients about prostate cancer if they have more than one 1st degree releative who had prostate cancer?

Answer 13

age 40

Question 14

Remains the mainstay in investigating male fertility potential

Answer 14

semen analysis

Question 15

What are patient instructions for semen analysis?

Answer 15

abstain from coitus 2-3 days and analyze within 1 hr

Question 16

How is the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis made?

Answer 16

analyzing specimens obtained following prostatic massage (four-glass test)

Question 17

What should not be used to diagnosis a UTI?

Answer 17

urinary bags or bed pans

Question 18

How is a reliable sample obtained to diagnosis UTI in infants?

Answer 18

catheterization or suprapubic aspiration

Question 19

What is the traditional gold standard for a positive urine culture of bacteriuria?

Answer 19

> 100,000 cfu/mL of urine

Question 20

Diagnostic test for bladder cancer

Answer 20

cystoscopy

Question 21

Studies used to assess how well the bladder and urethra are functioning: Sphincter control and Bladder filling/emptying

Answer 21

urodynamic assessment

Question 22

Screening tool for patients with suspected bladder outlet obstruction. Reserved for patients with severe symptoms where invasive therapy is considered—done by urologist

Answer 22

uroflowmetry

Question 23

Graphic display of vesical pressure. Used to asses detrusor activity, sensation, capacity and compliance

Answer 23

cystometrogram

Question 24

Used to asses total stone burden, composition, and location of stones.

Answer 24

KUB

Question 25

Why might a KUB miss 15% of stones?

Answer 25

Pure uric acid, indinavir-induced, and cystine calculi are relatively radiolucent on plain radiography

Question 26

Type of swab preferred to check for chlamydia in men

Answer 26

urine or urethral swab

Question 27

test for males with suspected urethritis due to gonorrhea

Answer 27

Microscopy with Gram stain of a urethral swab