Urology anatomy Flashcards
Innervation of detrusor muscle?
Parasympathetic fibres innervate detrusor contraction via S2, S3, S4
When does the internal urethral sphincter muscle contract and what controls this?
Ejaculation; sympathetic fibres
Which muscles are contracted voluntarily in the voluntary control of micturition?
External urethral sphincter (pudendal nerve) Levator ani (nerve to levator ani)
Dull acheing pain in the posterior flank
Kidney pain
Colickly loin to groin pain
Ureteric obstruction
Subrapubic pain
Bladder pain
Sharp pain within the perineum
Distal urethral pain
Where is pain from the testes felt?
In scrotum; groin; anterior lower abdomen
How is micturition voluntary controlled?
Bladder stretch reflex is suppressed when not appropriate to micturate;
Voluntary contraction of the external urethral sphincter and levator ani
when appropriate, cerebral inhibition is lifted
Which muscles act during micturition and what nerve modalities are responsible?
Contraction of destrusor (parasymp)
Internal sphincter in males relaxes (parasymp)
External sphincter and levator ani relax (voluntary relaxation- pudendal nerve and nerve to levator ani)
Abdominal wall muscles contract (somatic motor fibres)
What is the route of the ureters in the pelvis?
Arise from the renal pelvis;
Run along the lateral walls of the pelvis;
Run anteriorly over the common iliac prior to it’s bifurcation;
Enter the posterior aspect of the bladder
Most inferior part of the male peritoneal cavity?
The rectovesicle pouch
The most infeiror part of the female peritoneal cavity?
Rectouterine pouch- pouch of douglas
Blood supply of the bladder?
Vesical arteries (branches of the internal iliac)
Blood supply of the prostate?
Prostatic arteries; branches of the vesical arteries
Normal position of the uterus in relation to the bladder?
Anteflexed, lying superior
Outline the path of sperm from the testis to the urethra? (5)
Enters vas deferens, which enters the abdomen at the inguinal canal
VD joins with duct from seminal gland and becomes ejaculatory duct;
Ejaculatory duct joins the prostatic urethra;
Prostatic urethra enters the spongy urethra within the corpus spongiosum
Components of the spermatic cord? (5)
Testicular artery Testicular vein Vas deferens Nerves Lymphatic vessels
Position of the testis within the scrotum?
Covered in visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
What is a hydrocele?
Excess fluid between the layers of the tunica vaginalis
What are the testis and epididymis attached to?
The spermatic cord
Venous drainage of the testis?
Pampiniform plexus –> testicular vein
Where do the right and left testicular arteries arise from?
The abdominal aorta
The inferior aspect of the prostate is in contact with..?
Levator ani, the main pelvic floor muscle
Blood supply to the penis?
Deep arteries of the penis (branches from the internal pudendal)
Blood supply to the scrotum?
Internal pudendal and branches from the external iliac
