Urology Flashcards
severe ventral curve?
chordee- hypospadias
hypospadius complications?
fistulas, strictures
epispadias associated w/?
complete vesical (bladder) exstrophy
prepuce not retractable
phimosis
phimosis
sx?
Px?
obstruction to urine, UTI
penile malignancy
prepuce retracted proximal to glans
paraphimosis
severe swelling, necrosis? fix with dorsal surgical slit?
paraphimosis
cryptorchidism:
- predisposing factors?
- inc risk of? 2
- absent reflex?
- majority occur in?
- tx: medical? surgical?
preemie/small/low birth wt, twins, exposure to estrogen in T1 infertility, malignancy cremasteric inguinal canal hCG/GnRH; orchidopexy/orchidectomy
failure of obliteration of processus vaginalis; risk for ?
hydrocele; indirect hernia
varicocele
- looks like ?
- ? veins (of the ?)
- more common on ?; risk of ? if later in life
- tx: ?, alternative?
- bag of worms
- dilated, pampiniform plexus
- left, left renal tumor
- high ligation, collateral circulation, varicocele embolization
priapism
- blood trapped in?
- nonischemic (high flow) cause?
- ischemic (ow flow) causes?
- complications?
- Tx? high flow?
- procedure that shows communications created between corpora cavernosa and glans penis w/ Bx needle
- corpus carvernosum
- trauma
- SCD, leukemia
- fibrosis of corpora cavernosa; permanent impotence
- spinal anesthesia, sedation, phenylephrine (do not inject topside or underside)
- Winter’s procedure
- high flow: observe
incomplete torsion tx?
severe torsion tx?
absent?
surgery w/in 12h
surgery w/ in 4h
torsion Tx procedure?
open a book maneuver- twist outward
torsion- detect testicular b.f. w/?
color doppler u/s
peronie’s dz
- autoimmune ? dz; ? during erection from ? of corpus cavernous
- associated allele?
- tx for adequate penis length, angle 45 degrees or hourglass?
- men w/ ED?
- new injectible (collagenase)?
- connective tissue, severe penile curvature (usually superior)
- HLA-B7
- nesbit plication
- plaque incision w/ saphenous vein graft
- penile prosthesis
- colostridium histolyticum (also for Dupuytren’s contracture)
cancer
-mc in whites? blacks?
testicular, prostate
testicular ca sx?
tender breast (inc hCG) painless mass
testicular ca
- 95%? germ cells
- embryonal ca?- more common in?
- uncommon, rapid, blood & lymph, monitor w/ hCG?
seminoma
nonseminoma, childhood
choriocarcinoma
testicular ca
- dx?
- tx?
- to monitor?
- chemo agents?
testicular u/s
inguinal orchiectomy
alpha beta protein, hCG
BEC (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin)
BPH
- shrinks epithelial cells?
- shrinks stromal cells?
- surgical Tx? s/e?
- proscar (finasteride- alpha reductase inh)
- cardura (doxazosin) , hytrin (tarazosin)- alpha blockers
- prostatectomy; TURP, TUIP, or TULIP; s/e of TURP: transurethral resection syndrome (N/V, inc BP, bradycardia, tachypnea)
prostatic ca
- MC ?
- USPSTF recommends against?
- PSA > ? suggestive of ca
- screening- blacks? whites?
- Tx?
- tumor in men in US
- screening after 70 y.o.
- 10
- 40; 50
- WATCHFUL WAITING*, radical prostatectomy/TURP, LHRH agonist, radiation
chronic bacterial prostatitis young male, indwelling ?, ? pain fever/chills, dysuria, ? prostate bugs? tx? MC? G+? other tx?
catheter, perineal
tense, boggy
e coli, klebsiella
ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin; G+-cephalosporin, nafcillin
total prostatectomy, transurethral prostatectomy (TURP)
NONbacterial prostatitis
- cultures?
- tx?
NO bacterial growth
erythro, doxy, TMP-SMX, FQ (4-6w); SAW PALMETTO EXTRACT
sx of prostatitis but NO inflammation, normal leukocytes, and negative culture?
don’t give?
prostadynia
NO a/b
