Urological Flashcards
Pain
SOCRATES
Loin to groin - urétéric calculi (+nausea, vom)
Intermittent pain - Polycystic kidney disease?
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
LUTS
1/3
Filling Symptoms
Filling - urgency, frequency, nocturia
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
LUTS
2/3
Voiding symptoms
Voiding - dysuria (pain), hesitancy, poor flow, incomplete emptying, dribbling, straining, spraying (to urinate)
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
LUTS 3/3
Incontinence
Stress, urge, overflow, continuous, bedwetting at night (enuresis)
Haematuria
Duration At what point is blood visible - initially, continually, terminally Clots? Pain*? Fever/rigors Trauma/exercise
- pain + haematuria = renal calculus or infection
- no pain + haematuria = kidney/bladder carcinoma, bladder papilloma, prostatic bleeding
UTI symptoms
Dysuria Frequency Urgency Fever Acute confusion (especially if old) Strangury - painful, slow urine with severe urgency and feeling incomplete micturition
Chronic renal failure symptoms
Oliguria (little urine produced), nocturia, polyuria (increased urine production VOLUME)
Anorexia
Insomnia
Metallic taste in mouth, urine smelling breath - both from ammonia from too much urea in saliva
Anaemia (low EPO produced) - fatigue
Pruritis
Oedema
Bruising and bleeding - abnormal platelets
Extras
PMHx, DHx, SHx, FHx
Past UTIs, Sexual history, diabetic?
Rifampicin can affect urine colour
Diet - beetroot = red urine
Polycystic Kidney Disease - familial