Urine Specimen Collection Flashcards
1
Q
Factors of urine output
A
- Daily intake (food and water)
- hormones
- muscle mass
2
Q
Ultra filtrate of plasma
A
Urine
3
Q
Product of renal filtration
A
Urine
4
Q
functional unit of the kidney
A
Nephron
5
Q
Histology: glomerulus
A
Simple squamous
6
Q
Histology: kidney tubules
A
Simple cuboidal
7
Q
Hormone that prevents urination
A
Antidiuretic hormone
8
Q
Disease where ADH is lacking
A
Diabetes insipidus
9
Q
rare disorder that causes the body to make too much urine
A
Diabetes insipidus
10
Q
Common symptoms of diabetes insipidus
A
Polyuria
Diluted urine
11
Q
Polyuria
A
Excessive urination
12
Q
DM or DI
Diluted urine
A
Diabetes Insipidus
13
Q
DM or DI
Concentrated urine
A
Diabetes mellitus
14
Q
DM or DI
High specific gravity
A
Diabetes mellitus
15
Q
Condition where Px can’t produce any urine
A
Anuria
16
Q
medical term for low urine output
A
Olyguria
17
Q
Percentage of water in urine
A
95%
18
Q
Urine is 5% what
A
Dissolved substance
19
Q
Formed substances in the urine are
A
Crystals and cells
20
Q
Organic substances found in the urine
A
- urea
- creatinine
- uric acid
21
Q
Primary organic substances found in urine
A
Urea
22
Q
Urea is a product of
A
Protein metabolism
23
Q
Creatinine is a product of
A
Muscle metabolism
24
Q
Uric acid is a product of
A
Purine metabolism
25
In the urine, urea is converted to ammonia due to what type of bacteria
Urease positive
26
Inorganic substances found in the urine
- chloride
- sodium
- potassium
- calcium
- phosphate
- ammonium
27
Amount of blood in the body
4.5 to 5 L
28
Amount of plasma which enters the kidney
170,000 mL
29
Daily urine output
1200 mL
30
Average urine output
600 to 2000 mL
31
Proper way of disposing urine
- dilute the urine
- Empty the urine in the sink
- flash with lysol
32
Ideal capacity of urine container
50 mL
33
In every urinalysis, how much volume of urine is needed
12 mL
34
Urine container for pediatrics
Adhesive bag
35
How many large plastic containers are given for px who needs 24 hour specimen
3
36
Information on label
- Px name
- ID number
- date
- time
37
Maximum hours of urine waiting time for urinalysis
2 hours
38
Urine should be tested within how many hours of collection
2 hours
39
Most problem for urine integrity are caused by
Bacterial multiplication
40
If urine is delayed:
Increase/Decrease: color
Increase
41
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: turbidity
Incrase
42
If urine is delayed:
Increase/Decrease: pH
Increase
43
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: increase
Increase
44
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: bacteria
Increase
45
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: glucose
Decrease
46
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: bilirubin
Decrease
47
If urine is delayed
Increase/Decrease: ketones
Decrease
48
Ideal specimen preservative
Bactericidal
49
T/F
Refrigerator increases bacterial multiplication
False
50
required type of specimen preservation for culture spx
Refrigeration
51
Refrigeration is a must for what specimen
Culture
52
Refrigeration causes precipitation of
Amorphous crystal
53
Most common type of spx in urinalysis
Random spx
54
Most common type of spx in urinalysis
Random spx
55
Type of spx used for routine screening for obvious abnormalities
Random spx
56
Ideal screening spx
First morning spx
57
More concentrated than random spx
First morning
58
Type of spx for orthostatic protein confirmation
First morning
59
Spx for urine pregnancy test
First morning
60
Fasting spx is also known as
Second morning urine
61
Collected after the first morning spx
Fasting spx
62
Second spx voided
Fasting spx
63
Fasting spx is recommended for ____ monitoring
Glucose
64
Does not contain metabolites from evening meals
Fasting spx
65
Type of spx where patients voids before eating routine meal
2 hour postprandial spx
66
Type of spx used to monitor insulin theraphy
2 hour postprandial spx
67
2 hour postprandial spx is used to monitor
Insulin theraphy
68
2 hour postprandial urine is usually compared to
Fasting urine spx and blood test results
69
Institutional option for collection with blood glucose tolerance test
Glucose tolerance spx
70
This type of urine spx is collected at the same intervial as blood samples
Glucose tolerance spx
71
This type of spx is used to correlate renal threshold with patient’s ability to metabolize glucose
Glucose tolerance spx
72
Required spx for quantitative result
24 hour (timed) spx
73
This type of spx are needed for measuring substances with diurnal variation
24 hour (timed) spx
74
Timed spx are needed to measure substances with ____
Diurnal variation
75
Shorter timed spx can be used for substances with ____
Consistent level
76
Principle of timed spx
Collection must begin and end with an empty bladder
77
Principle: collection must begin and end with an empty bladder
Timed spx
78
In timed spx, calculation for units per 24 hours includes the volume in ___ of urine collected
Milliliters
79
Sterile spx collected from bladder
Catheterized spx
80
Where do you collect when you use a catheter
Bladder
81
Most common test for catheterized spx
Culture and sensitivity
82
Most common type of spx when doing culture and sensitivity
Catheterized spx
83
Which comes first?
Urinalysis or culture
Culture
84
Alternative to Catheterized spx
Midstream clean catch spx
85
This spx is less contaminated than routine collection
Mid stream clean catch
86
Instructions when collecting midstream clean catch spx
- wash hands
- clean genitalia
- void into toilet, then into container, finish into toilet
87
Invasive type of spx
Suprapubic aspiration
88
Completely free of contamination for culture and cytology
Suprapubic aspiration
89
Possible pediatric spx
Suprapubic aspiration
90
External needle aspiration from the bladder
Suprapubic aspiration
91
Collection similar to midstream clean catch
Prostatitis spx
92
3 glass collection
Prostatitis spx
93
Prostatitis spx:
Container 1
First urine passed
94
Prostatitis spx:
Container 2
Midstream
95
Prostatitis spx:
Container 3
Remaining urine and fluid after massaging prostate
96
In Prostatitis spx, what container is microscopically examined for wbc
1 and 3
97
Prostatitis spx:
Result = high wbc in specimen 3 than spx 1
Prostatic infection
98
Result for prostatic inf
High wbc count in container 3 than 1
99
Prostatitis spx:
Result = bacterial count in 3 is 10 times higher than spx 1
Prostatic inf
100
Prostatitis spx:
Result = positive culture in spx 2
Possible uti
101
Prostatic inf result = bacterial count is ___ times higher in container 3 than in 1
Ten
102
Container __ seeves as control
2
103
Spx 2 is a control for ____ or ___ infection
Bladder or kidney
104
____ 4-glass collection
Stamey-Mears
105
What is added on stamey mears 4 glass collection
Post massage urine
106
When collecting pediatric sample, bag with tubes to a larger container are available for ____ spx
Timed
107
NRL for drug testing
East avenue medical center
108
Documentation from the time of spx collection until the time of receipt
Chain of custody
109
This spx msut withstand legal scrutiny
Drug spx
110
Standard form which always accompanies spx
Chain of custody
111
For drug spx, temp taken within ___ minutes must be ___
4 minutes must be 32.5 to 37.7
112
Volume of urine required for drug spx
60 mL
