Urine formation by the Kidney -Tubular Processing of GF 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Give example of primary active transport in the renal tubules?

A

Primary active transport through baso-lateral membrane (Na+/K+ ATPase pump)

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2
Q

What are examples of secondary active transport?

A

Co-transport (i.e, AA and glucose reabsorption)

Transporter simultaneously bind Na+ and glucose or AA on the apical surface and transport them into the cell

Counter-transport (i.e. secretion of H+)

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3
Q

What is tranport maximum (Tm)?

A

Tm (or transfer maximum) – the maximal amount of a given solute that can be transported (reabsorbed or secreted) per minute by renal tubules

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4
Q

What is threshold concentration?

A

plasma concentration of a solute at which it begins to appear in urine

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5
Q

Where are the GLUT1 and 2 carriers, what part of the renal tubule membrane are these carriers located?

A

baso-lateral membrane

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6
Q

What co-transport carriers carry Na+ and glucose across apical membrane of the early proximal and late proximal tubule?

A

SGLT 1 and SGLT 2

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7
Q

What are some reasons for glucosuria?

A
  • ↑ plasma [glucose] (i.e., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus)
  • ↑ GFR and glucose filtered load (i.e., pregnancy)
  • Congenital abnormalities of Na+- glucose co-transporter
    Excretion curve
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8
Q

Mechanism of reabsorption of urea?

A

simple diffusion down concentration gradient

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9
Q

PAH depends on the plasma concentration of unbound or bound PAH?

A

unbound PAH

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10
Q

What are the meanings of glucose transport maximum and glucose threshold concentration?

Do they change in a diabetic patient?

What are the normal values?

A
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11
Q

Can excretion of glucose exceed filtration?

A
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12
Q

When reabsorption of glucose is equal to filtration?

A
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13
Q

When excretion of glucose exceeds reabsorption?

A
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14
Q

Identify the Tm and threshold
concentration on this graph.

A
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15
Q

Answer the following question.

A
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16
Q

Answer the following question.

A