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Clin Lab Final > Urine Analysis > Flashcards

Urine Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Normal pH

A

4.6-8

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2
Q

Normal protein

A

0-8

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3
Q

Normal specific gravity

A

1.005-1.030

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4
Q

Normal RBC

A

less than 2

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5
Q

Proteinuria can indicate

A 
nephrotic syndrome 
multiple myeloma
complications of DM
glomerulonephritis
amyloidosis
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6
Q

Renal glucose reabsorption threshold

A

180

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7
Q

Urinary leukocyte esterase indicates_________

A

UTI

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8
Q

_____________ are the end products of fatty acid catabolism

A

urinary ketones

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9
Q

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid, acetoacetic acid, acetone

A

urinary ketones

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10
Q

urinary ketones are associated with _____________

A

poorly controlled diabetes

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11
Q

conglomerations of protein, indicative of proteinuria

A

hyaline casts

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12
Q

conglomerations of degenerated cells

A

cellular casts

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13
Q

granular casts

A

glomerular disease

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14
Q

fatty casts

A

nephrotic syndrome

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15
Q

waxy casts

A

chronic renal disease

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16
Q

epithelial cells and casts

A

renal tubular casts

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17
Q

WBC and casts

A

acute pyelonephritis

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18
Q

RBC and casts

A

glomerular diseases

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19
Q

Urinary casts are formed in the ________________ and ______________ of the nephrons

A

distal convoluted tubule

collecting ducts

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20
Q

Acellular casts

A 
hyaline
granular
waxy
fatty
pigment 
crystal
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21
Q

Things that contribute to the formation of hyaline casts

A

low urine flow
concentrated urine
acidic environment

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22
Q

The most common type of cast

A

hyaline casts

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23
Q

Result from breakdown of cellular casts or the inclusion of aggregates of plasma proteins such as albumin

A

granular casts

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24
Q

Muddy brown cast

A

granular casts

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25
Cast seen in acute tubular necrosis
granular casts
26
What type of casts are seen with longstanding kidney disease such as chronic renal failure
waxy
27
rigid, sharp edges, fractures and broken off ends
waxy casts
28
more general term to describe the wider cast product of a dilated duct
waxy casts
29
hyaline casts with fat globule inclusions, yellowish-tan in color
fatty casts
30
associated with maltese cross sign under polarized light
fatty casts
31
Pathognomonic for high urinary protein nephrotic syndrome
fatty casts
32
Cellular casts
RBC casts WBC casts bacterial casts epithelial casts
33
_________ strongly suggest glomerular damage
RBC casts
34
granulomatosis with polyangiitis, SLE, post strepotococcal glomerulonephritis, goodpastures syndrome
RBC casts
35
associated with renal infarction and subacute bacterial endocarditis
RBC casts
36
WBC within or upon casts strongly suggests ____________
pyelonephritis
37
What other type of cast is seen in pyelonephritis?
WBC | bacterial casts
38
seen in atn and toxic ingestion
epithelial cell casts
39
RBC in the urine is strongly suggestive of
acute glomerular nephritis
40
WBC can develop from anywhere in the GU tract-____________
pyuria
41
WBC always come from the ___________
renal tubule
42
Meth gives you _____ pupils
dilated , non reactive to light
43
Meth is detected in blood for _________ days an in urine for ________ days
1-3 days blood | 1-4 days urine
44
Duration of meth
4-8 hours
45
Levels greater than ______ demonstrates drug abuse (meth)
200
46
Major metabolite of cocaine
benzoylecgonine | ecgonine methyl esther
47
Cocaine is detected in blood for ________ hours and in urine for ________ hours
blood 5-6 hours urine 12 hours --benzoylecgonine metabolite for 2-4 days
48
Duration of coke when smoked
30-40 minutes, peak in 3-5 minutes
49
Duration of coke when snorted
60-90 minutes
50
Metabolite of codeine
morphine
51
Codeine gives you _____ pupils
pinpoint
52
Codeine is detected in urine for ________ days
2-3 days
53
Duration of effect of codeine
4-6 hours
54
Major metabolite of morphine
morphine glucuronide
55
Morphine is detected in urine for _________ days
2-3
56
Major metabolites of heroin
morphine | 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM)
57
Heroin gives you _______ pupils
pinpoint
58
Heroin is detected in urine for _____ days
2-3 days
59
Heroin lasts for ____________ hours
4-6 hours
60
Major metabolite of pot
11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol
61
Pot can be detected in _______ longer than _________
urine longer than blood
62
PCP is detected in blood for _______ days
1-3 days
63
PCP is detected in urine for ________ days
3-7+
64
How long does PCP last for?
4-6 hours

Clin Lab Final (4 decks)

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