Urinary tract Flashcards
When do the pronephrons start to appear and where?
In the first week, in the neck region
What do the pronephrons do?
Create a duct to the cloaca, which drives the development of the urogenital ridge
Where does the uteric bud (primative ureter) develop from?
The mesonephric duct- which has come from the urogenital ridge
Where does the uteric bud go to?
The metanephros- it infiltrates this and forms the calycies (collecting) part of the kidney
What is the role of the primitive kidney (metanephros)?
It is not quite fully functional but does filter out urea and some water so be excreted into the amniotic cavity
What happens to the embryonic kidney after infiltration with the uteric bud?
It will ascend to the T10/11 region by climing up the aeorta, forming and deforming new blood vessels with it as it rises
How do you get end arteries in the kidneys?
If one of the blood vessels connecting the kindey to the aeorta as it rises doesnt regress, it will be an end artery as it will not anastimose. So can cause infarcts if stenosed. (Renal artery normally formes many anatomises)
How does the ureter form?
The uteric bud migrates down the mesonephric duct and connects directly into the urogenital sinus (mesonephric duct will now regress in females)
From where does the bladder form?
From the urogenital sinus
How is the urogenital sinus formed?
The cloaca (the bit at the end of the hind gut), is connected anteriorly to the umbellical cord by the allantois. The urogenital septum then grows down and split the cloaca into two tubes; hind gut (posterior) and urogenital sinus anteriorly.
What is the difference between the allantois and the urachus?
The allantois connects the cloaca to the umbelical cord. It becomes the urachus when the urogenital ridge splits the cloaca into hindgut and urogenital sinus. The urachus connects the urogenital sinus (primative bladder) to the umbellical cord
What is a pelvic kidney?
When the kidney doesnt ascend
What is horseshoe kidney?
When the lower portions of the kidneys touch on ascent and fuse so you get one large kidney instead of two.
From where do the urethra and prostate form?
The lower portion of the urogenital sinus
Describe the formation of the vagina and uterus
The paramesonephric duct inserts into the base of the urogenital sinus. The paramesonephric duct forms the fallopian tubes and uterus. The urogenital sinus then enlarges to form the vagina and splits to seperate the urethra (anterior) and vagina (posterior)
