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Urinary System Exam > Urinary System Notes > Flashcards

Urinary System Notes Flashcards

1
Q

organs

A 
2 kidneys 
2 ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra 
Urinary sphincter
Urinary meatus
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2
Q

Front view of urinary tract

A 
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Sphincter
Urethra
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3
Q

Kidney description

A

Where urine is made

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4
Q

Kidney location

A

Waist level on either side of back

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5
Q

Kidney color and shape

A

Reddish brown

Bean-shaped

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6
Q

Kidney size

A

4” long, 2” wise, 1” thick

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7
Q

Define renal

A

Means relating to or involving the kidney

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8
Q

Renal fascia

A

Covers the kidney and helps to protect it

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9
Q

Parts of the kidney

A

Cortex
Medulla
Renal pelvis

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10
Q

Cortex

A

Outer smooth layer, contains the most nephrons

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11
Q

Medulla

A

Middle layer, cone-shaped pyramids that are composed of collecting tubules

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12
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Inner cavity, where urine goes

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13
Q

Nephron

A

filters the blood, and produces urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood

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14
Q

Parts of the nephron

A

Glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
Convoluted tubule
Collecting tubule

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15
Q

Glomerulus

A

A cluster of capillaries through which your water, salt, waste, poisons are filtered out

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16
Q

Bowman’s capsule

A

Surround glomerulus, protects it

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17
Q

Convoluted tubule

A

Long twisty, wavy tube that leads from the capsule

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18
Q

Collecting tubule

A

Connects from the convoluted tubule to the renal pelvis area

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19
Q

Where does kidney blood supply come from

A

Renal artery

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20
Q

How man liters of blood pass through the kidney every day

A

Greater than 180L

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21
Q

What has a direct influence on the kidney

A

Hypertension

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22
Q

What can hypertension lead to

A

Kidney disease

23
Q

Description of ureters

A

Tube with small diameter, 1/5 of an inch wide, but 10-12” long

24
Q

Ureter location

A

Connects with the hiking from the renal pelvis to the bladder in the back

25
Q

Function of ureter

A

Carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

26
Q

Urinary bladder description

A

Hollow, muscular sack

27
Q

Urinary bladder location

A

In your pelvis behind your pelvic bone

28
Q

Urinary bladder function

A

Holds urine, the elastic muscle fibers allow it to expand and contract

29
Q

Capacity

A

Amount of urine that the bladder holds

30
Q

First urge to void occurs

A

When bladder fills to 200-300ml

31
Q

Bladder is moderately full at

A

500 ml (the urge does not leave)

32
Q

Bladder is full at

A

700-900 ml (we become uncomfortable)

33
Q

Urethra description

A

Tube 1 quarter inch width in diameter, 1/2” long in women, 6-8” in men

34
Q

Location of urethra

A

Bottom of the bladder

35
Q

Function of urethra

A

Brings urine from the bladder to the outside of body

36
Q

Urinary sphincter location

A

End of bladder

37
Q

Urinary sphincter function

A

Muscle that controls urine output

38
Q

Urinary meatus description

A

Outer opening of urethra

39
Q

Urinary meatus location

A

At the end of urethra, opened to air by body

40
Q

Urinary sphincter function

A

Urine comes out

41
Q

Urination

A

Emptying urine from body

42
Q

Voiding

A

Emptying urine from bladder

43
Q

Micturition

A

Emptying liquid waste from urinary system

44
Q

Incontinence

A

Involuntary voiding

45
Q

Bladder distention

A

Overly full bladder that you can feel above pelvic bone

46
Q

Normal amount of urine excreted each day

A

1,000-1,500 ml

47
Q

Quantity of urine is influenced by

A 
Fluid intake
Perspiration (sweating)
Hemorrhage (bleeding)
Bp
External temperature 
Medications
Diseases
Fever
48
Q

Urine characteristics

A 
Liquid
Amber color
Clear
Acid in reaction
Smell - ammonia
49
Q

Normal “specific gravity” (how concentrated the urine is)

A

1.010 - 1.025

50
Q

What might high concentration mean

A

Patient is dehydrated or have urinary retention

51
Q

Urine composition (what it’s composed of)

A 
95% H2O
Nitrogenous waste
Urea
Creatinine
Excess material
Toxins
Hormones (Hc6 Lc6)
Pigment
52
Q

When and how is Hc6 Lc6 produced

A

Produced by placenta when women becomes pregnant (10 days after missed period)

53
Q

What is pigment

A

Yellow bial compound

Urinary System Exam (4 decks)

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