Urinary System/Excretion Flashcards
What is excretion?
- -> the removal of waste produ.
- ->of metabolic reactions
What is egestion?
- ->the removal of undi. food waste
- ->from the anus
Name 3 excretory organs
- ->lungs
- ->kidneys
- ->skin
What do the lungs excrete?
–>Carbon dioxide
How do the lungs excrete carbon dioxide?
–>during exhalation
What do kidneys excrete?
- -> EXCESS water
- ->EXCESS salts
- ->urea
How do kidneys excrete water,salts and urea?
–> by produ. urine
Where does the excretion of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs in plants?
–>the stomata
What is the difference between egestion and excretion?
- ->egesti. removal of undig. FOOD WASTE
- -> excret. is the removal of wp of METABOL. REACT.
- ->egesti. occu. from the anus
- ->excret. occu. in SKIN,kidneys and lungs
Where does the blood enter the kidney?
–> via renal artery
Describe the urinary system
- ->renal artery
- ->renal vein
- ->bladder
- ->kidney
- ->urethra
What is the function of the renal artery?
- ->carries OXYGENATED blood
- ->containing WP
- ->to the kidneys
What is the function of the renal vein?
- ->carries deoxygenated blood
- ->That has been filtered
- ->away from kidney
- ->back into heart
What is the function of the bladder?
- ->Stores urine
- ->as produ. by kidney
Describe the passage of blood through the urinary system?
- ->Blood w/ IMPURITIES travel in RA
- ->2 kidneys - ->Any excess sent to ureter
- ->2 bladder
- ->PURIFIED blood sent back to circulation thru RV
Describe the structure of the nephron
- ->Bowman’s capsule
- ->Proximal convoluted tubule
- ->Loop of Henle
- ->Distal Convoluted tubule
- ->Collecting duct
- ->glomerulus
What happens at the proximal convoluted tubule?
- ->ALL glucose reab.
- -> by diffu. and act. trans. in 2 the blood - ->lots of water reab.
- ->by OSMOSIS in 2 the blood and {CELLS}
What happens in the loop of henle?
–> water reab.
What happens at the distal convoluted tubule?
–>SALTS reabsorbed
What happens at the collecting duct?
- ->Excess water, excess salt, ions and urea
- ->Excreted
What is ultrafiltration?
- -> filtering out of
- ->WP
- ->at high pressure
Describe WHAT HAPPENS during ultrafiltration
- ->RA trans. oxygenat. blood to nephron
- ->under high PRESSURE - ->In glom., pressure increa. even more
- -> blood plasm. forced into bowman’s camp
- ->and in2 tubules - ->Prot. and blood cells 2 big 2 leave cappilaries
- ->AT PCT all glucose reabsorbed
- ->salts reab, by LoH
- ->Water reab. in collect. duct
- ->Filtra forms urine
- -> Ureter–>bladder–>urethra
What is selective reabsorption?
- ->useful sub.
- ->(glucose,ions + water) reab.
What is osmoregulation?
- ->The control of WATER CONTENT
- ->in BODY
Describe the body’s response when water content is too low
- ->osmoreceptors in hypothalamus det. low water cont.
- -> more ADH from PG
- ->CD permeability increa.
- ->More water reab.
Describe urine when the water content is too low
- ->higher SOLUTE conc
- ->less WATER released as urine
Describe the body’s RESPONSE when water content is too high
- ->Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus det. high water cont.
- ->less ADH from PG
- ->CD permeability decrea
- ->Less water reab.
Describe urine when water content is too high
- ->lower solute conc
- ->more water released as urine
- ->more dilute
