Urinary System Exam

Question 1

What are the differences between male and female urethra

Answer 1

Female - only for urination ; shorter

Male - for reproduction and urination ; longer and curved

Question 2

Where are the kidneys located in comparison to the abdominal cavity

Answer 2

Retro peritoneal

Question 3

In most animals which kidney is more caudal

Answer 3

Left kidney

Question 4

The indented area in the medial side of the kidney where ureters, nerves, blood and lymph vessels enter and exit the kidney

Answer 4

Hilus

Question 5

Funnel shaped area inside the hilus that forms the beginning of the ureters

Answer 5

Renal pelvis

Question 6

The outer portion of the kidney

Answer 6

Renal cortex

Question 7

What surrounds the kidney to protect them from the pressure exerted by the surrounding organs

Answer 7

Perirenal fat

Question 8

What is reabsorption and what is being reabsorbed

Answer 8

Taking stuff from nephron and putting it back into the blood ; sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium

Question 9

What is secretion and what is being secreted

Answer 9

Taking stuff from blood and giving it to nephrons ; hydrogen, potassium, ammonium, medications

Question 10

What is the renal corpuscle

Answer 10

Bomans capsule, capsular space, glomerulus

Question 11

Where is the renal corpuscle located

Answer 11

Renal cortex

Question 12

What process occurs in the renal corpuscle

Answer 12

Filtration

Question 13

What type of epithelial cells is the bladder composed of

Answer 13

Transitional

Question 14

What structure propels urine away from the bladder to the external environment

Answer 14

Urethra

Question 15

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes what substance to be reabsorbed

Answer 15

Sodium and water

Question 16

Afferent arterioles take blood ______ the renal corpuscle

Answer 16

To

Question 17

Efferent arterioles take blood _____ the renal corpuscle

Answer 17

From

Question 18

The basic functional unit of the kidney is the

Answer 18

Nephron

Question 19

What is the glomerulus

Answer 19

Tuft of capillaries

Question 20

Functions of the kidney

Answer 20

Production of urine 
Blood filtration, reabsorption, secretion 
Fluid balance regulation
Acid-base regulation
Production of hormones 
Blood pressure regulation

Question 21

What angle does the ureters enter the bladder at and why

Answer 21

Oblique; so a full bladder closes ureters so they don’t back up into the kidneys

Question 22

What is glomerular filtrate

Answer 22

Filtering of blood in the first stage of urine production

Question 23

What is tubular filtrate

Answer 23

Glomerular filtrate that occurs in the PCT

Question 24

Whatnot hints help the filtration process

Answer 24

High blood pressure and constrations

Question 25

What gives the sensation of having to urinate

Answer 25

Stretch receptors

Question 26

The middle portion of the kidney that surrounds the renal pelvis

Answer 26

Renal medulla

Question 27

Expulsion of the urine from the urinary bladder into the urethra is called

Answer 27

Uresis

Question 28

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on urine production

Answer 28

Temporary decrease

Question 29

Uremia

Answer 29

Urine in blood / abnormal waste in blood

Question 30

Urea

Answer 30

By product of breakdown of protein

Question 31

Polyuria

Answer 31

Frequent urination

Question 32

Anuria

Answer 32

No urination / production

Question 33

Diuresis

Answer 33

Lots of urine / losing a lot of water