Urinary System Exam Flashcards
What are the differences between male and female urethra
Female - only for urination ; shorter
Male - for reproduction and urination ; longer and curved
Where are the kidneys located in comparison to the abdominal cavity
Retro peritoneal
In most animals which kidney is more caudal
Left kidney
The indented area in the medial side of the kidney where ureters, nerves, blood and lymph vessels enter and exit the kidney
Hilus
Funnel shaped area inside the hilus that forms the beginning of the ureters
Renal pelvis
The outer portion of the kidney
Renal cortex
What surrounds the kidney to protect them from the pressure exerted by the surrounding organs
Perirenal fat
What is reabsorption and what is being reabsorbed
Taking stuff from nephron and putting it back into the blood ; sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium
What is secretion and what is being secreted
Taking stuff from blood and giving it to nephrons ; hydrogen, potassium, ammonium, medications
What is the renal corpuscle
Bomans capsule, capsular space, glomerulus
Where is the renal corpuscle located
Renal cortex
What process occurs in the renal corpuscle
Filtration
What type of epithelial cells is the bladder composed of
Transitional
What structure propels urine away from the bladder to the external environment
Urethra
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes what substance to be reabsorbed
Sodium and water
Afferent arterioles take blood ______ the renal corpuscle
To
Efferent arterioles take blood _____ the renal corpuscle
From
The basic functional unit of the kidney is the
Nephron
What is the glomerulus
Tuft of capillaries
Functions of the kidney
Production of urine Blood filtration, reabsorption, secretion Fluid balance regulation Acid-base regulation Production of hormones Blood pressure regulation
What angle does the ureters enter the bladder at and why
Oblique; so a full bladder closes ureters so they don’t back up into the kidneys
What is glomerular filtrate
Filtering of blood in the first stage of urine production
What is tubular filtrate
Glomerular filtrate that occurs in the PCT
Whatnot hints help the filtration process
High blood pressure and constrations
