Urinary system class notes Flashcards
What is the major parts of the urinary system
Kidneys, ureters, Bladder, urethra
What is the function of the diuretic system
produces, stores and eliminate urine
What does the kidneys do
filter waste and water from blood
what do sympathomimetics do
act directly on the sphincter muscle
what do alpha blockers do
relax the muscle of the sphincter and urethra
what do parasympathomimetic (cholingergics) do
stimulate contraction of the bladder wall
What do Anticholinergics do?
relax the bladder muscle by interfering with nerve impulses to the muscle
What is a UTI
urinary tract infection (limited to the urethra)
What is cystitis
bladder infection
What are signs and symptoms of UTIs
painful urination, increased frequency or urge to urinate, low urine output, urine is cloudy (sometimes blood)
What is Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
enlargement of the prostate. which causes bladder weakness; loses ability to empty itself
what are signs of BPH
hesitant, interrupted, weak streams.
Urgency, leaking, and dribbling
Increased frequency of urination
What is urinary incontinence
inability to keep urine in the bladder
who is more affected by urinary incontinence
twice as common in women
what are causes of urinary incontinence
weak sphincter muscles
oversensitivity of bladder muscle,
neurological
What are treatments for urinary incontinence
exercise
electric stimulation
surgery
medication
What is urinary retention
inability to empty bladder
what are causes of urinary retention
BPH, tumor, drug side effects
What is renal failure
Kidney failure. Can be associated with the term uremia.
What is uremia
kidneys are not functioning or damaged. Toxins and waste normally filtered by the kidneys are discharged into the bloodstream
What are some possible causes or kidney failure
diabetes, hypertension, Lupus, untreated UTI
What is the treatment for kidney failure
dialysis to remove toxic substances from blood and organ transplants
