urinary system

Question 1

kidneys produce;

help regulate

Answer 1

renin

blood pressure

Question 2

stimulate red blood cell production in bone marrow

Answer 2

erythropoietin

Question 3

kidney converts what to its active form?

Answer 3

vitamin D

Question 4

other organs of the urinary system;

provide

Answer 4

single urinary bladder
paired ureters
urethra

provide temporary storage reservoirs for urine or serve as transportation channels to carry it from one body region to another

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes the location of the kidneys?

Answer 5

They are paired organs located posterior to the intestines, between the T12 and L3 vertebra, with a rich blood supply and fat capsule surrounding them.

Question 6

kidneys receive protection from

Answer 6

T12 and L3 vertebra

Question 7

encloses each kidney

Answer 7

fibrous capsule

Question 8

surrounds each kidney and act as a cushion against blows

Answer 8

perirenal fat capsule

Question 9

outermost capsule

function?

Answer 9

renal fascia

anchors the kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall

Question 10

What is the outermost region of the kidney called?

Answer 10

renal cortex

Question 11

form cup shaped areas that encloses the tips of the pyramids

Answer 11

calyces

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the glomerulus?

Answer 12

Series of capillaries

Question 13

An obstruction in the glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into which of the following?

Answer 13

Efferent arteriole

Question 14

Urine formed in the nephrons empties directly into what structure?

Answer 14

Collecting duct

Question 15

Which of the following is the site where most

tubular reabsorption occurs?

Answer 15

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 16

What is the process of glomerular filtration?

Answer 16

A passive filtration of blood in the glomerular capsule

Question 17

What is the normal composition of glomerular filtrate?

Answer 17

All components of blood except formed elements and large proteins

Question 18

What is the specific gravity or density of normal urine?

Answer 18

1.001 – 1.035

Question 19

The normal yellow color of urine is due to what substance?

Answer 19

Destruction of hemoglobin

Question 20

Which of the following describes urine?

Answer 20

Nitrogenous wastes, water, and unneeded substances

Question 21

Which of the following statements describes the ureters?

Answer 21

One of the layers of the wall is smooth muscle that propels urine to the bladder.

Question 22

Which of the following describes the wall of the bladder as it fills?

Answer 22

The muscular wall stretches and the transitional epithelium thins.

Question 23

Where is most of the water in the body located?

Answer 23

cells

Question 24

What is the main mechanism prompting water intake?

Answer 24

Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus activate the thirst center.

Question 25

Which body system makes corrections to low blood pH the fastest?

Answer 25

Respiratory system

Question 26

What is the result of ADH release?

Answer 26

Prevents excess water loss by the kidneys, increasing the blood volume and increasing blood pressure

Question 27

Sodium ion concentration of the extracellular fluid is largely regulated by what hormone?

Answer 27

Aldosterone

Question 28

Why is the excretion of bicarbonate ions by the kidney important?

Answer 28

It maintains acid base balance of the blood.

Question 29

What is a likely cause for urinary retention in an elderly male?

Answer 29

Enlarge prostate gland

Question 30

What is the name of the inability to voluntarily control the external urethral sphincter?

Answer 30

Incontinence

Question 31

What kidney disorder involves clogging of the glomerular filter with antigen antibody complexes?

Answer 31

Glomerularnephritis

Question 32

Cloudy urine that contains white blood cells is indicative of what disorder?

Answer 32

Urinary tract infection