Urinary System

Question 1

podocytes

Answer 1

cells in visceral layer of nephron

Question 2

organs of the urinary system

Answer 2

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 3

most of waste is ___ from urea and/or uric acid

Answer 3

nitrogen

Question 4

what structure produces filtrate from blood and how much?

Answer 4

glomerulus; 180 L/day

Question 5

2 different types of nephrons and their capillary networks

Answer 5

cortical: 85% of all nephrons; peritubular capillaries
juxtamedullary: 15%; vasa recta

Question 6

4 steps of urine formation

Answer 6

1. ) glomerular formation
2. ) tubular reabsorbtion
3. ) tubular secretion
4. ) water conservation

Question 7

3 barriers of filtration membrane

Answer 7

fenestrated endothelium of glom capillaries, basement membrane, filtration slits

Question 8

substances that can pass through

Answer 8

water, electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, urea, uric acid, creatinine

Question 9

substances that cannot pass through

Answer 9

blood cells, plasma proteins, large anions, protein-bound minerals and hormones, most molecules larger than 8 nm in diameter

Question 10

raises or lowers BP? ADH, Aldosterone, ANP

Answer 10

raises, lowers, raises

Question 11

urine composition

Answer 11

nitrogenous wastes; electrolytes, toxins, pigments, hormones, drugs

Question 12

bladder muscle

Answer 12

ureters

Question 13

urinary bladder stimulated for micturition at ___

Answer 13

200 mL

Question 14

urinary bladder full at ___

Answer 14

500 mL

Question 15

urinary bladder, max capacity at ___

Answer 15

700-800 mL

Question 16

how long is the male urethra compared to female

Answer 16

male: approx 8in
female: approx 2in