Urinary system

Question 1

Pyelonephritis

Answer 1

Infection or inflammation of the entire kidney
(Fecal bacteria in woman)
Blood borne bacteria (bacterium)

Question 2

Rénal ptosis or nephroptosis

Answer 2

Kidneys drop lower from low levels of fat

Question 3

Hydronephrosis

Answer 3

Backup of urine, severely damaging the kidney, leading to necrosis and kidney failure

Question 4

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

Answer 4

Ca2+, Mg2+ or Utica acid salts crystallize.

If larger than 5mm, it blocks the ureter and urine drainage, increasing pressure in kidney

Question 5

Urinary retention & dysuria or incontinence

Answer 5

Urinary retention: compression of the urethra
Dysuria: painful or difficult urination from inflammation or obstruction
Incontinence: inability to voluntarily control urination

Question 6

Oliguria & anuria

Answer 6

Low urinary output
Oliguria 50-500mL/dayl
Mo

Question 7

Polyuria

Answer 7

Excessive urine output

Question 8

Urinalysis

Answer 8

Formed by urea, creatinine, and uric acid