Urinary System Flashcards
Micturition
urination; emptying of the urinary bladder
Renal
pertaining to the kidney
Nephron
functional unit of the kidney. Each nephron contains the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule.
Cysto-
prefix meaning “bladder”
Diuretic
any substance that stimulates urination
Renal Calculi
(kidney stones)
Urinalysis
a physical and chemical assessment of urine
Dysuria
painful or difficult urination
Polyuria
production of excessive amounts of urine
Oliguria
inadequate urine production
Anuria
a negligible amount of urine is produced (potentially fatal)
Hematuria
presence of red blood cells in urine
Proteinuria
presence of plasma proteins in urine
Ketonuria
presence of ketone bodies in urine
Glycosuria
presence of glucose in urine
Bilirubinuria
presence of bilirubin in urine
Pyuria
presence of white blood cells in urine
Cystitis
inflammation of the lining of the bladder
Incontinence
inability to control urination voluntarily
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
a bacterial or fungal infection of the urinary tract
Renal Calculi
kidney stones
Urine pregnancy test
tests for a hormone in the urine called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Urinometer
a simple device used to determine specific gravity of urine. It consists of a small glass cylinder and a urine hydrometer. Inside the stem of the hydrometer is a scale which is used to interpret the specific gravity of the sample.
Specific Gravity
the ratio of the weight of a volume of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water.
