Respiratory System

Question 1

Nose

Answer 1

external nares (nostrils)

Question 2

Nasal cavity

Answer 2

filters, warms, moistens incoming air; passageway to pharynx

Question 3

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 3

produce mucus; act as resonators for sound; lighten skull

Question 4

Nasal Conchae

Answer 4

bony prominences that provide space for nasal meatuses through which incoming air is warmed and humidified.

Question 5

Pharynx

Answer 5

chamber shared by the digestive and respiratory system; passageway for air between nose and larynx and for food from mouth to esophagus

Question 6

Larynx

Answer 6

(voice box) inferior to hyoid bone and superior to trachea. Cartilaginous structure surrounding glottis and vocal cords; passageway for air between pharynx and rest of respiratory tract; produces sound; protects trachea from foreign objects.

Question 7

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 7

largest laryngeal cartilage (commonly called Adam’s Apple)

Question 8

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 8

(krikos; ring) laryngeal cartilage inferior to thyroid cartilage

Question 9

Glottis

Answer 9

passageway from pharynx to the larynx

Question 10

Epiglottis

Answer 10

(epi- ; above) (glotta; tongue) composed of elastic cartilage, the epiglottis folds back over the glottis, during swallowing to prevent entry of food or liquids into the respiratory passageways

Question 11

Trachea

Answer 11

windpipe passageway for air to and from thoracic cavity; traps and expels foreign matter

Question 12

Diaphragm

Answer 12

muscle separating thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity enlarges thoracic cavity to allow for inspiration, returns to original position for expiration

Question 13

Bronchus (pl. Bronchi)

Answer 13

passageways for air to and from lungs; filter air

Question 14

Bronchioles

Answer 14

passageways for air to and from alveoli

Question 15

Alveoli

Answer 15

site of gas exchange; functional units of lungs

Question 16

Lungs

Answer 16

major respiratory organs.

Question 17

Pleura (pl. Pleurae)

Answer 17

(pleural; side) protects, compartmentalizes, and lubricates outer surfaces of lungs; enclose pleural cavities

Question 18

Mediastinum

Answer 18

the region between the two pleural cavities, also contains the thymus, esophagus, and trachea.

Question 19

Respiration

Answer 19

process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and tissues

Question 20

Ventilation

Answer 20

(breathing) is the process by which air enters the lungs and is expelled from the lungs

Question 21

Pulmonary

Answer 21

(pulmo- = lungs) pertaining to the lungs

Question 22

Dyspnea

Answer 22

difficulty in breathing

Question 23

Apnea

Answer 23

period of no respiratory activity

Question 24

Hyperventilation

Answer 24

Rapid and deep breathing leading to an excessive intake of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide which can lead to respiratory alkalosis

Question 25

Hypoventilation

Answer 25

Slow and shallow breathing which can lead to respiratory acidosis.

Question 26

Heimlich maneuver

Answer 26

for removing an object blocking the airway;forcefully elevates diaphragm by compression of the abdomen

Question 27

Respiration

Answer 27

process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and tissues.

Question 28

Breathing, or ventilation

Answer 28

process by which air enters the lungs (inhalation) and is expelled from the lungs (exhalation)

Question 29

Tidal Volume

Answer 29

the volume of air that is moved into and out of the lungs with each breath during normal quiet breathing

Question 30

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 30

maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal quiet inspiration

Question 31

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 31

maximum amount of air that can be expelled above the tidal volume

Question 32

Vital Capacity

Answer 32

total functional capacity of the lungs

Question 33

Residual Volume

Answer 33

air remaining in lungs that cannot be expelled

Question 34

eupnea

Answer 34

Quiet breathing

Question 35

Diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 35

deep breathing

Question 36

Costal breathing

Answer 36

shallow breathing

Question 37

hyperpnea

Answer 37

Forced breathing