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ANAPHY ni sya > URINARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

URINARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major excretory organ of the urinary system?

A

Kidneys

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2
Q

Name the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

A

Ureter

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3
Q

What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

A

Storage of urine

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4
Q

Which structure eliminates urine from the body?

A

Urethra

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5
Q

What hormone secreted by the kidneys regulates red blood cell synthesis?

A

Erythropoietin

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6
Q

What is the term for the layer of connective tissue surrounding the kidney?

A

Renal capsule

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7
Q

Which part of the kidney contains the blood-filtering structures?

A

Cortex

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8
Q

What cone-shaped structures in the kidney transport urine toward the renal sinus?

A

Renal pyramids

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9
Q

What is the funnel-shaped chamber that collects urine from the renal papillae?

A

Renal pelvis

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10
Q

What is the term for the indentation on the kidney where vessels and the ureter enter or exit?

A

Hilum

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11
Q

What is the histological and functional unit of the kidney?

A

Nephron

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12
Q

Name the part of the nephron where blood filtration begins.

A

Renal corpuscle

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13
Q

What are the two main components of the renal corpuscle?

A

Glomerulus and Bowman capsule

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14
Q

Which cells in the Bowman capsule wrap around the glomerular capillaries?

A

Podocytes

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15
Q

What is the term for the blood-filtered fluid that enters the Bowman capsule?

A

Filtrate

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16
Q

What are the two types of nephrons found in the kidney?

A

Juxtamedullary nephrons and cortical nephrons

17
Q

What are the three processes involved in urine formation?

A

Filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

18
Q

Which hormone promotes water conservation by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys?

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

19
Q

Which hormone decreases sodium reabsorption to increase urine volume?

A

Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

20
Q

What is the role of renin in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism?

A

Converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

21
Q

What is the name of the mechanism that maintains a high solute concentration in the kidney medulla?

A

Countercurrent mechanism

22
Q

What reflex is triggered by the stretch of the urinary bladder wall?

A

Micturition reflex

23
Q

Which structure funnels urine from the urinary bladder to the urethra?

A

Trigone

24
Q

What is the term for the condition caused by a bacterial infection of the urinary bladder?

A

Cystitis

25
Q

Which hormone regulates calcium reabsorption in the kidneys?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

26
Q
A

ANAPHY ni sya (5 decks)

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