Urinary System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
To remove waste products from the blood and regulate water balance in the body.
True or False: The kidneys are the main organs of the urinary system.
True
What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood?
Nephron
What hormone is produced by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure and red blood cell production?
Erythropoietin
What is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureter
Which part of the nephron reabsorbs water and essential nutrients back into the blood?
Proximal convoluted tubule
What is the name of the process where the kidneys filter waste and excess substances from the blood?
Filtration
What is the name of the hormone that regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which structure in the kidney releases renin to regulate blood pressure?
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for reabsorbing water and electrolytes?
Loop of Henle
What is the main component of urine that gives it its yellow color?
Urochrome
What is the term for the process of expelling urine from the bladder?
Micturition
Which part of the nephron is responsible for secreting excess substances into the urine?
Distal convoluted tubule
What is the triangular region in the bladder where the ureters and urethra connect?
Trigone
True or False: The bladder is a muscular sac that stores urine until it is expelled from the body.
True
Which part of the nephron is responsible for collecting urine and moving it to the renal pelvis?
Collecting duct
What is the name of the hormone that regulates sodium and potassium reabsorption in the kidneys?
Aldosterone
Which structure in the kidney releases erythropoietin to stimulate red blood cell production?
Peritubular capillaries
What is the term for the process of returning filtered substances back into the blood in the kidneys?
Reabsorption
What is the name of the condition where there is an excess of protein in the urine?
Proteinuria
True or False: The renal pelvis is the innermost part of the kidney where urine is collected before entering the ureter.
True
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the final concentration of urine?
Collecting duct
What is the term for the process of moving substances from the blood into the nephron in the kidneys?
Secretion
What is the average amount of urine produced by an adult in a day?
1-2 liters
