Urinary System Flashcards
cysto/o & vesic/o
bladder
glomerul/o
glomerulus
pyel/o
pelvis
ureter/o
ureter
ven/o
vein
urethr/o
urethra
af-
towards
ef-
away from
peri-
surrounding/around
azot/o
nitrogen
py/o
pus
dys-
painful
- Iodine contrast is given intravenous (IV).
- x-ray images will be taken to see how the kidneys filter the contrast from the blood.
-The test can provide information on the functioning of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
- A minimally invasive test that involves fluoroscopy to visualize the urinary tract and bladder.
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
- Urea is a waste product in the blood that is filtered out by the kidneys.
-If the kidney function is abnormal, the blood level of urea will be increased.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test
The urine is analyzed in the lab for abnormal levels of substances.
Urinalysis (UA)
inflammation of the bladder
Cystitis
inflammation of the glomeruli.
- Damage to the glomeruli can cause protein and red blood cells to leak into the urine.
Glomerulonephritis
Cysts form in the kidneys, causing the kidneys to become enlarged
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
a urinary tract infection of one or both of the kidneys
Pyelonephritis
AKA kidney stones are mineral pebbles that form in the kidney
Renal calculi
the loss of bladder control causing an accidental loss of urine
Urinary incontinence (UI)
The __________ filter the blood and eliminate waste through the passage of urine.
kidneys
The kidneys start to function 10 to 12 weeks after conception and mature by age ___.
2
What are the ureters’ walls made up of?
Transitional epithelium
What hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex and increases the movement of sodium out of the filtrate in the distal tubule and collecting duct?
Aldosterone
A serous membrane lining of the abdominal cavity, which folds inward to enclose the internal organs, is called
peritoneum
What is another term used for renal calculi?
Kidney stones
A systemic infection involving pathologic microbes in the blood as a result of an infection that has spread from elsewhere in the body is called
septicemia
What type of surgery for kidney cancer involves the removal of the kidney, adrenal gland, surrounding tissue, and local lymph nodes?
Radical nephrectomy
A procedure used to diagnose incontinence that includes filling the bladder with water via a catheter while the bladder pressure is measured is called
Urodynamic testing
The bladder holds about _________ cups of urine during the day and doubles that amount at night.
1.5 to 2
