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CCIE > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What organs in Urinary System

A

Kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

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2
Q

what does kidney do?

A

Urine production

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3
Q

What does ureter do?

A

Transport urine to urinary bladder

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4
Q

What does Urinary Bladder do?

A

Stores urine

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5
Q

What does Urethra do?

A

Conveys urine to exterior

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6
Q

What is the flow of urine

A

Kidney - Ureters - Urinary bladder - Urethra

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7
Q

Tube like that conveys urine from bladder to exterior

A

Urethra

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8
Q

What is Urinary Incontinence

A

No bladder control

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9
Q

What is the risk of Urinary Incontinence?

A

UTI, falls, skin problems

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10
Q

Nocturia

A

Waking up at night to urinate

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11
Q

Nocturia leads to?

A
  • Disrupt regular sleep
  • Increased risk of falls
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12
Q

Explain urethral changes

A

Due to menopause that result to reduction of estrogen, urethra become thin and fragile resulting to increased frequency to urinate

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13
Q

Reduction of estrogen during menopause leads to problems with urethra, what is this?

A

urethra become thin and fragile results to increase frequency to urinate

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Decline in estrogen affect pelvic floor muscle tone and function results to decreased urethral resistance.

A

True

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15
Q

What is Men-Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy?

A
  • Occur in men
  • Enlargement of prostate that interfere with bladder emptying
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16
Q

What are the myths in Urinary Incontinence

A
  • Meds are best treatment
  • Only women have UI
  • Incontinence is due to childbirth
  • Incontinence is normal and inevitable
  • Incontinence is same for everyone
  • Incontinence is not a major health problem
  • We should drink 8 glass per day
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17
Q

Is medicine best treatment for UI?

A

No
- Lifestyle and physical theraphy

18
Q

Do women only have UI?

A

No, both gender

19
Q

Is incontinence due to child birth?

A

It is a factor but also aging, genetics and other

20
Q

Is incontinence normal and inevitable part of aging?

A

Aging is a risk factor but incontinence is inevitable

21
Q

Is UI a major health problem?

A

Yes, it has impact on quality of life
- cause emotional distress
- limits physical activities

22
Q

Do we need to drink 8 glass per day?

A

Drinking 8 glasses may not be suitable for everyone

23
Q

Give the 5 Types of incontinence

A
  • Urge
  • Stress
  • Overflow
  • Functional
  • Mixed
24
Q

This is the type of UI that is common to older people that has involuntary leaks and night time urination or sudden urge to urinare

A

Urge Incontinence

25
Q

What is urge incontinence

A
  • Sudden urge to urinate
  • Common to older people
  • Night time urination
  • Sudden leaks
26
Q

Type of UI that is common to women

A

Stress Incontinence

27
Q

Type of UI that urine leaks during physical activities or movements that put pressure or stress on the bladder.

A

Stress Incontinence

28
Q

This type of UI that common in men

A

Overflow Incontinence

29
Q

Type of UI that characterized by the inability to completely empty the bladder and bladder is full exerts more pressure than urethra can resist

A

Overflow Incontinence

30
Q

Type of UI that factors hinder reaching the toilet on time

A

Functional Incontinence

31
Q

Type of UI that has 2 or more types. Often Urge and Fuctional

A

Mixed Incontinence

32
Q

2 types of Urinary Incontinence

A

Acute and Chronic

33
Q

Age related changes

A
  • Decrease blood flow
  • Nephron reduction
  • Decline GFR
  • Tubular Function
  • Arterial Changes
  • Structural Changes
  • Reduce ability to concentrate urine
  • CKD
34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Reduce blood flow increases kidneys ability to filter waste

A

False, it decreases

35
Q

Functional unit of kidney

A

Nephron

36
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of kidney

37
Q

Nephron reduction leads to?

A

Change in generating urine and filter blood

38
Q

GFR measures?

A

Measures how well your kidney is effectively removing waste from blood

39
Q

Decline in tubular function leads to

A

Electrolyte imbalances

40
Q

What happens when arteries in kidneys thickens and lose elasticity

A

Lower blood flow and increase BP

41
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Is reduce ability to concentrate urine result to nocturia and dehydration?

A

Yes

42
Q

Kidney damage more than 3 months and GFR decreases

A

CKD

CCIE (7 decks)

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