Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

Breaks down food, draw out nutrients, get rid of waste

Answer 1

Gastrointestinal system

Question 2

This is where the digestion begins

Answer 2

Mouth

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE: Does salivary glands produces saliva to moisten and initiate digestion of carbs through enzyme amylase?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

What enzyme was use to digest carbs?

Answer 4

Amylase

Question 5

What do you call the partially digested food?

Answer 5

Bolus

Question 6

Bolus move to ____ and to ______

Answer 6

Bolus move to pharynx and to esophagus for swallowing

Question 7

A muscular tube that transport bolus to stomach through peristalsis

Answer 7

Esophagus

Question 8

Moves food through digestive system

Answer 8

Peristalsis

Question 9

A J shape organ

Answer 9

Stomach

Question 10

What gastric juices helps to breakdown food?

Answer 10

Hydrochloride acid and pepsin

Question 11

What does stomach do?

Answer 11

Store, mixes, and break down food with the help of gastric juices hydrochloric acid and pepsin

Question 12

What happens to bolus once it is in the stomach?

Answer 12

It becomes “chyme” in the stomach

Question 13

What is the function of small intestine?

Answer 13

Digestion and absorption

Question 14

3 Parts of small intestine

Answer 14

Duodenum, Jejunum, illeum

Question 15

Enzymes from what organ or part aid in digesting carbs, proteins, and fat?

Answer 15

Pancreas and bile

Question 16

Where nutrients are absorbed and transport to blood stream

Answer 16

Intestinal lining

Question 17

What does intestinal lining do?

Answer 17

This is where nutrients are absorbed and transported to blood stream

Question 18

What is the function of liver?

Answer 18

• Process nutrients
• Detoxifying blood

Question 19

What does pancreas do?

Answer 19

Regulates blood sugar

Question 20

What does pancreas secretes?

Answer 20

Insulin and glucagon

Question 21

What does enzyme do pancreas produce?

Answer 21

Amylase, lipase and proteases
this will proceed to the small intestine to break down food

Question 22

What is the function of Large intestine?

Answer 22

• Absorbs waste and electrolytes from undigested food
• Form feces

Question 23

This is where the synthesis of Vitamin K and B happen

Answer 23

Large intestine

Question 24

What is the function of Rectum and Anus

Answer 24

Rectum: Store feces
Anus: Opening where feces expelled

Question 25

Hormones that control digestive process

Answer 25

Gastrin and Cholecystokinin

Question 26

"2nd brain" regulates local functions

Answer 26

Enteric Nervous System

Question 27

Age related changes

Answer 27

- Atherosclerosis - Center and peripheral NS - Decline in mobility - Loss of teeth - Gum disease - Taste changes - Slow food movement

Question 28

What does atherosclerosis do to GI tract?

Answer 28

- Reduce blood flow to the mesenteric area results to decrease nutrient absorption in Small intestine

Question 29

What does Center and Peripheral NS control?

Answer 29

Controls movements of entire Digestive

Question 30

What does happen if there is changes in center and peripheral NS?

Answer 30

Changes affects peristalsis leads to slow digestive process

Question 31

Loss of teeth will lead to?

Answer 31

Harder to chew food

Question 32

Give one gum disease

Answer 32

Periodontal Gum Disease

Question 33

What will happen if you have gum disease?

Answer 33

Affects bone and gives damage to bone and connective tissues

Question 34

What will happen if there is decrease in taste bud numbers

Answer 34

Reduce ability to taste salty and sweets

Question 35

What medications reduces saliva production that leads to dry mouth?

Answer 35

- Diuretics - Anticholinergic - Antipsychotic - Antidepressant

Question 36

Medical terms of Dry mouth

Answer 36

Xerostomia

Question 37

Xerostomia

Answer 37

Dry mouth

Question 38

What will happen to esophagus when you age?

Answer 38

Esophagus sarcopenia and slow food movement - Weakening of esophagus - Weak contractions - Less efective

Question 39

TRUE OR FALSE: Does weak esophagus leads to acid reflux?

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What happen to stomach when u age?

Answer 40

- Reduce gastric acid (hydrochloride acid) and pepsin - Poor absorption of Vit b 12, calcium, folic acid, and iron - Prone peptic ulcer, stomach cancer, and anemia - Slow stomach emptying

Question 41

Digestive impairment leads to poor absorption of?

Answer 41

- Iron - Vitamin B12 - Calcium - Folic acid

Question 42

TRUE OR FALSE: Do older people having a hard time emptying their stomach?

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

What will happen to small intestine when you age?

Answer 43

- reduce surface area or absorption - Decrease absorption of lipid or fats - Lactose intolerant

Question 44

What will happen to large intestine when your old?

Answer 44

- constipation due to reduce muscle contractility in rectum that filled with feces - development of diverticula

Question 45

What is diverticula?

Answer 45

Small pouch in colon's wall

Question 46

What will happen to gallbladder when your old?

Answer 46

- Prone to gall stone

Question 47

Empyema

Answer 47

Pus filled gallbladder

Question 48

Choledocholithiasis

Answer 48

stone in bile duct

Question 49

What will happen to pancreas?

Answer 49

Will develop - fibrosis - fatty deposits - atrophy

Question 50

Does your liver get smaller when you age?

Answer 50

Yes

Question 51

Changes in liver when you grow older

Answer 51

- decrease hepatic blood flow - Impaired regeneration

Question 52

Difficulty swallowing

Answer 52

Dysphagia

Question 53

Give common disease

Answer 53

- Gingivitis - Periodontitis - Dysphagia - Vit B deficiency - Gastritis - Enteritis

Question 54

Gastritis

Answer 54

Inflammation of gastric mucosa

Question 55

Inflammation of small intestine

Answer 55

Enteritis