Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HISTO FINALS > URINARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

URINARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

25 – 30 mm long
Lined mainly by stratified squamous epithelium
Functions solely as urinary tract

A

Female urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

25 – 30 mm long
Lined mainly by stratified squamous epithelium
Functions solely as urinary tract

A

Female urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Portion that runs through the prostate gland; lined by transitional epithelium

A

Prostatic urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Produce urine ( excretion of the wastes and excess water as URINE )
Transported in the ureters
urinary bladder urethra

A

Function of urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A pair of bean-shaped solid organs

A

Kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

10 – 12 cm x 5 – 6 cm x 3 – 4 cm
150 gm each

A

Kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enclosed by a thin fibrous capsule of dense collagenous CT
Interstitial CT made up of delicate reticular fibers which support the parenchyma

A

stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Outer darker part of the kidney

A

Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Inner, lighter colored made up of 8 –15 conical divisions called renal pyramids

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lateral boundaries formed by inward extension of the cortex called renal column

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inner, lighter colored made up of 8 –15 conical divisions called

A

renal pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bases of pyramids are directed towards the cortex and its apex project or fits into the lumen of a minor calyx

A

renal pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Made up of numerous (1.5-3 million) minute nephrons

A

parenchyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Renal corpuscle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle (thin and thick limbs)
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting tubule

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contains the renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and collecting tubules

A

Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contains the renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and collecting tubules

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Have very long Henle’s loop extending deep into the medulla

A

Juxtamedullary nephron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Short thick descending limb, long thin descending and ascending limb, and thick ascending limb

A

Juxtamedullary nephron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Very short thin descending limbs and no thin ascending limb

A

Cortical nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

At the proximal end of each nephron, there is a closed thin-walled expansion of the tubule that is deeply invaginated to form a cup-shaped hallow structure called

A

Bowman’s capsule

21
Q

Double-walled cup composed of simple squamous epithelium

A

Bowman’s capsule

22
Q

giving rise to numerous secondary processes (pedicels or foot processes) that embrace the capillaries of glomerulus

A

Primary process

23
Q

interdigitate at periodic distance of 25 nm forming the filtration slits

A

🞄 Secondary processes

24
Q

Space in between the visceral and parietal is called the

A

Bowman’s

25
Q

Occupied by a globular tuft of highly convoluted capillaries, called the

A

glomerulus

26
Q

The tuft of capillaries and its surrounding cup-shaped epithelial capsule constitute the renal corpuscle

A
27
Q

Vascular pole
Urinary pole

A

2 poles in renal corpucle

28
Q

where the afferent arteriole (where blood enters) and efferent arteriole (blood leaves glomerulus) are found ( juxtaglomerular apparatus )

A

Vascular pole

29
Q

where the proximal convoluted tubule begins

A

Urinary pole

30
Q

Endothelium of the glomerular capillaries is fenestrated

In between the glomerular capillaries is occupied by mesangium, a CT consisting of mesangial cells which are phagocytic

A

Renal corpuscle

31
Q

Longest segment of the nephron which are made up of convoluted and straight portions

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

32
Q

Forms the main bulk of the kidney cortex

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

33
Q

Lining epithelium is simple cuboidal epithelium with brush borders
Large cells with wide lumen therefore transverse section show only 3-5 spherical nuclei
Apical cytoplasm has numerous canaliculi between the bases of microvilli

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

34
Q

U-shaped structure consisting of
Thick and thin descending limb
Thin and thick ascending limb

A

HENLE’S LOOP

35
Q

Thick limbs are lined by

A

simple cuboidal

36
Q

Thin limbs by

A

simple squamous epithelium

37
Q

Lining epithelium is simple cuboidal
Differ from proximal convoluted
Absence of brush border
No apical canaliculi
Cells are flatter and smaller
More nuclei are seen

A

dISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

38
Q

Cells in close contact with afferent arteriole become modified, usually become columnar and their nuclei closely packed

A

dISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

39
Q

Modified segment become darker in color, called macula densa

A

dISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

40
Q

Modified segment become darker in color, called

A

macula densa

41
Q

Cells are sensitive to the ionic content and water volume which may signal the release of renin

A

dISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

42
Q

Short segment lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Membranous urethra

43
Q

Courses through the whole length of the penis to its external opening (meatus) on the glans penis; lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium but becoming stratified squamous towards the meatus

A

Penile urethra

44
Q

18 cm in length and serves as the terminal portion of both the urinary tract and the reproductive tract
3 segments
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Penile urethra

A

Male urethra

45
Q

Lined by transitional epithelium
Thick muscular coat made up of 3 layers of smooth muscles

A

urinary bladder

46
Q

Funnel-shaped expansion of the upper end of the ureter
Divides into 2 long branches, the major calyces (calyx), and these in turn have short branches called the minor calyces

A

Renal pelvis

47
Q

Lined by transitional epithelium
Muscularis mucosae and submucosa are absent
Tunica muscularis is made up of anastomosing bundles of smooth muscles that are of varying orientation

A
48
Q

Tubule lined by simple cuboidal epithelium becoming columnar

The collecting duct which open at the apex of the renal pyramid into the lumen of the minor calyx

A
49
Q

Adjacent to the renal corpuscle, the tunica media of afferent arteriole has modified smooth muscle cells called juxtaglomerular cells, which produce renin

Juxtaglomerular cells and the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule comprise the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

HISTO FINALS (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions