Urinary / Renal

Question 1

The borders of the retroperitoneum are the following, EXCEPT:
A. right subhepatic space 
C. transversalis fascia
B. parietal peritoneum 
D. diaphragm

Answer 1

A. right subhepatic space

Question 2

Which space of the retroperitoneum contains the kidney?
A. anterior pararenal space C. perirenal space
B. posterior pararenal space D. none of the above

Answer 2

C. perirenal space

Question 3

Which space of the retroperitoneum contains the pancreas?
A. anterior pararenal space C. perirenal space
B. posterior pararenal space D. none of the above

Answer 3

A. anterior pararenal space

Question 4

Which space of the retroperitoneum does not contain any organs?
A. anterior pararenal space C. perirenal space
B. posterior pararenal space D. none of the above

Answer 4

B. posterior pararenal space

Question 5

The properitoneal fat stripe is a continuation of which retroperitoneal space?
A. anterior pararenal space C. perirenal space
B. posterior pararenal space
D. none of the above

Answer 5

B. posterior pararenal space

Question 6

A possible communication between the perirenal spaces is via:
A. subdiaphragmatic recess
B. bare area of the liver
C. a conduit anterior to the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava
D. none of the above

Answer 6

A. subdiaphragmatic recess

Question 7

Possible pathways of perirenal abscess formation or fluid collection are the following, EXCEPT:
A. properitoneal fat stripe 
C. bare area of the liver
B. pelvic cavity 
D. Morrison's pouch

Answer 7

D. Morrison’s pouch

Question 8

What imaging modality cannot assess the kidneys in three dimensions?
A. conventional radiography 
C. CT
B. ultrasound 
D. MRI

Answer 8

What imaging modality cannot assess the kidneys in three dimensions?
A. conventional radiography 
C. CT
B. ultrasound 
D. MRI

Question 9

In Intravenous Urography (IVU), the following can be assessd of the kidneys:
A. size and position only 
C. size only
B. size, morphology and function 
D. none of the above

Answer 9

B. size, morphology and function

Question 10

In Intravenous Urography (IVU), the following can be seen in the kidneys except:
A. minor and major calyces C. pelvis and ureters
B. arcute and interlobular arteries
D. cortical thickness

Answer 10

B. arcute and interlobular arteries

Question 11

Which of the imaging modalities does not have ionizing radiation when examining the kidneys?

1. ultrasound
2. conventional radiography
3. CT scan
4. MRI

A. 1, 2, and 3
C. 1 and 4 only
B. 1 and 2 only
D. 3 only

Answer 11

C. 1 and 4 only

1. ultrasound
2. MRI

Question 12

Which of the imaging modality is the most sensitive in detecting ureteral calculi?
A. ultrasound 
C. intravenous urography
B. helical/multidetector CT Scan 
D. MRI

Answer 12

B. helical/multidetector CT Scan

Question 13

The most common composition of calculi found in the Philippine is:
A. calcium oxalate 
C. uric acid
B. magnesium struvite 
D. xanthine

Answer 13

C. uric acid

Question 14

The following stone(s) may be radiolucent on plain radiographs:

1. calcium oxalate
2. uric acid
3. struvite
4. cystine stones

A. 1 and 3
C. 1, 2 and 3
B. 3 and 4
D. 4 only

Answer 14

B. 3 and 4

3. uric acid
4. cystine stones

Question 15

In a patient with obstructive uropathy, the findings in Intravenous urography are the following:

1. delayed and sustained nephrogram
2. pelvocalyceal may not opacify for several hours
3. Pyelosinus extravasation of contrast
4. mild clubbing of the calyces

A. 1 and 3
C. 1 and 4
B. 2 and 4
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 15

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

1. delayed and sustained nephrogram
2. pelvocalyceal may not opacify for several hours
3. Pyelosinus extravasation of contrast
4. mild clubbing of the calyces