Urinary & Faecal Stomas Flashcards
Why does someone need a stoma?
1) Malignancy
2) Obstruction
3) disease process
4) neurological impairment
5) Trauma
Define a colostomy
Made from the colon
1.5m long large intestine
Anal canal 3cm
Internal anal sphincter is smooth muscle
External sphincter is striated skeletal muscle
-Slower mass colonic movements in the left descending colon reduces the frequency and force of faecal expulsion
- gas and odur are marked on the right ascending colon due to bacterial and enzymatic activity
Define ileostomy
Made from the ileum Commonly sited in the terminal ileum Ileum small intestine 3.6m Most extensive area of digestion and absorption Ileal contents alkaline
What are reasons for a permanent ileostomy?
Severe Chrones disease
Ulcerative colitis
Familial adenomatous polyposis
Define urostomy
An opening into the urinary tract with a stoma created on the abdomen
What are the reasons for getting a urostomy?
Malignancy of lower urinary tract Intractable interstitial cystitis Neurogenic disorders of the bladder Trauma to the bladder/urethra Intractable incontinence Problematic suprapubic catheter Congenital anomalies
What pre-op care is need for stomas?
Stoma therapy counselling
Skin care, odur, diet and activity requirements
Application options and collection
Trial of appliance
Siting of the stoma - avoiding creases, bony prominences, scars and belt lines
What post-op care is required for stomas?
Observation of the stoma Skin care Application selection and use How to obtain appliances Odur control and flatus Disposal Diet & hydration
What are some potential complications of a stoma?
Application leakage Skin ulceration Muco-cutaneous separation Peri or para-stomal hernia Prolapse Retraction or flush stoma Stenosis
What is a stoma?
Refers to any surgically constructed opening onto the bodies surface to facilitate a bodily function
