Urinary embryology Flashcards
from what part of the mesoderm does the urogenital system come from
the intermediate plate mesoderm
what peritoneal position does the intermediate plate mesoderm take
retropeitoneal
what is allantois
an outpouching of endoderm at the handgun that extends into the body stalk
what is the cloaca
posterior opening for digestive, urinary and reproductive tracts
how does the cloaca divide
anteriorly forms the urogenital sinus
divides to form the rectum (GI tract)
what drains into the urogenital sinus
mesonephric duct
what does the urogenital sinus go on to form
the urinary bladder, caudal end forms the urethra
how many sets o kidneys develop sequentially during nephrogenesis
3
what happens to the intermediate mesoderm in the NECK region in week 4
becomes the pronephros
what is the pronephros
the pronephric duct + rudimentary pronephric tubules
where does the pronephric duct drain to
the cloaca
what happens to the pronephros in week 5
all degenerates EXCEPT the pronephric duct
what happens to the intermediate mesoderm in the TRUNK region in week 4
becomes the mesonephros
what happens to the pronephric duct
becomes the mesonephric duct
what drains into the mesonephric duct
mesonephric tubules
what is the function of the mesonephros
functions as the kidneys for approx. 4 weeks
what are the metanephros
definitive kidneys
when do the metanephros start to develop
week 5
when do the metanephros start to function
week 9
how do the metanephros develop
a ureteric bud develops off the mesonephric duct
what happens to the mesonephos
incorporated into the developing gonad
Undifferentiated cells from the yolk sac migrate in to form the spermatogonia/ oogonia
in males what happens to the mesonephric tubules and duct
tubules - become the rate testis
duct - becomes the vas deferens
in females what happens to the mesonephric tubules and duct
degenerate
Mesonephros incorporated into the ovary though
what is the further development of the ureteric bud
- repeated branching at distal end
- stalk becomes ureter
- expanded cranial end becomes renal pelvis
what forms the major calyces
the first 4 generations of distal branches of the ureteric bud
what forms the minor calyces
the second 4 generations of distal branches of the ureteric bud
what forms the collecting tubules
the remaining generations of branches of the ureteric bud
what do the ureteric bud and metanephric mesioderm do to each other
reciprocally induce each other
what comprises the nephron
Renal corpuscle + PCT + Loop of Henle + DCT
what comprises the uriniferous tubule
nephron + collecting duct
what develops from the metanephric mesoderm
the nephron
what 4 things develops from the ureteric bud
collecting duct, calyces, pelvis and ureter
where do kidneys initially lie
either side of the bladder in the developing pelvis
why do the kidneys appear to “ascend” during development
lower body differentially grows inferiorly away from them
where do kidneys come to lie finally
upper abdomen - T12-L3
how does the hilum of the kidney rotate
about 90 degrees ventral to medial
when does “ascent” of the kidneys stop
when they come into contact with the adrenal gland
what happens to kidney vascular supply during ascent
segmental breakdown and reform
summary - what does the allantois and cloaca develop into
the Urinary bladder and urethra
summary - what does the intermediate mesoderm develop into
rudimentary pronephros in neck (week 4), Mesonephros in trunk region (week 5 to 9) with a duct and tubules. Duct drains into cloaca
summary - where does the ureteric bud develop from
caudal end of the mesonephric duct
summary - what do the ureteric bud branches form
form the renal pelvis, calyces and collecting duct
summary - what is the relationship between the ureteric bud and metanephric mesoderm
reciprocally induce each other
summary - why do the kidneys appear to “ascend”
due to differential growth of abdominopelvic structures - also acquire new blood vessels
summary - what happens to the hilum of the kidneys
rotate to face medially
