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PCC1 Exam 2 > urinary elimination > Flashcards

urinary elimination Flashcards

1
Q

What is the medical term for urination?

A

Micturition

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2
Q

What are some natural factors that can influence urine output?

A
  • Growth/development
  • Fluid intake
  • Sociocultural habits
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3
Q

What are these diseases that affect urinary output:

  • Prerenal
  • Renal
  • Postrenal
A
  • Prerenal= Decreased bloodflow to kidneys
  • Renal= Disease condition of renal tissue
  • Postrenal= Obstruction of that prevent urineflow from kidneys
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4
Q

What are disease conditions that affect urinary output?

A

Diabetes mellitus

Neuromuscular disease (multiple sclerosis)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Cognitive impairment (Alzheimer’s)

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5
Q

How can surgical/medical procedures affect urine output?

A
  • Restriction of fluid intake
  • Anesthesia reduce urine output
  • Medications can cause urgency/incontinence
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6
Q

What commonly causes UTIs?

What is the most common symptom?

A
  • E. Coli
  • Catheterization
  • Burning during urination (Dysuria)
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7
Q

Involuntary retention of urine known as:

Involuntary leakage of urine:

A

Inability: Urinary retention

Leakage: Urinary incontinence

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8
Q

What are these types of incontinence:

  • Transient
  • Functional
A
  • Transient= temp. incontinence caused by medical condition (UTI)
  • Functional= Patient can’t go to restroom due to physical reasons
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9
Q

What are these types of incontinence:

  • Overflow
  • Stress
A
  • Overflow= Retention that causes overflow (prostate blockage)
  • Stress= Action that causes weak pelvic floor (laugh, cough)
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10
Q

What is this type of incontinence:

Urge

A

Cannot hold urine (neurological/developmental)

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11
Q

When providing patient-centered care during urine assessment, what consideration would you make?

A
  • Considerate of self-care ability
  • Cultuaral/gender considerations
  • Patient’s knowledge of anatomy
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12
Q

What subjective data do you collect regarding patterns of urination?

A
  • Frequency
  • Pattern
  • Timing
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13
Q

What are these urinary alteration:

  • Frequency:
  • Hesitancy:
A
  • Frequency:Voiding >8 times awake
    • Hesitancy: Delay in start of urine stream
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14
Q

What are these urinary alterations:

  • Polyuria
  • Oliguria
A
  • Polyuria: Excessive amounts of urine
  • Oliguria: Diminished amount of urine with reduced fluid intake
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15
Q

What are these urinary alterations:

  • Hematuria
  • Dribbling
A
  • Hematuria: Blood in urine
  • Dribbling: Leakage of small amounts of urine
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16
Q

What main objective data should the nurse collect when assessing urine?

A
  • Fluid input/output (output of <30 mL in over 2 hours is BAD)
  • Color of urine (pale straw to amber)
  • Clarity (should be transparent)
17
Q

How do you calculate intake and output?

A

Add all input: IV fluids, feedings,

Add all output: Urine/liquid feces, blood, drainage

Input should equal output over 24 hours.

18
Q

What main implementation should nurses teach patients to maintain a healthy bladder?

A

Kegal exercises

  • Tighten pelvic floor muscles; do NOT tighten stomach
  • Hold muscles tight for up to 10 seconds.
  • Perform 50 kegals a day
19
Q

What is this intervention used for?

A

Male urinal:

Men stand at bedside to void if they cannot make it to bathroom

20
Q

When preparing bladder-retraining program, what should be kept in mind?

A
  • Plan set schedule with gradual increases (not before mealtime)
  • Record urination
21
Q

Catheterization care interventions:

  • Surgical asepsis or medical asepsis?
  • Perineal care procedure?
A
  • Surgical (sterile) asepsis
  • Provide perineal care 3 times daily
22
Q

When draining urine bags,

what should be ensured to prevent contamination?

A
  • Use separate measuring cups for each patient
  • Clean/reclamp tubing after drainage
  • Note urine output of <30 mL/hr
23
Q

Condom catheters are best suited for:

How much distance should be left between end of penis and condom.

A

Incontinent/comatose men

Leave 1-2 inches of space from tip of penis

24
Q

The three methods of applying condom catheter:

A
  • Use of elastic tape
  • Self-adhesive condom sheath
  • Inflatable ring
25
Q

What opportunities should be provided for older adults regarding urinary output.

A
  • Provide frequent opportunites to void (small bladder capacity)
  • Encourage voiding before and after meals and at bedtime
26
Q

What should be limited for patients experiencing incontinence?

A
  • Caffeine
  • Alcohol
  • Artificial sweeteners

PCC1 Exam 2 (9 decks)

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