Urinary Elimination

Question 1

Bacteremia

Answer 1

Life-threatening, bloodstream infection; should be treated with antibiotics

Question 2

Bacteriuria

Answer 2

Bacteria in the urine; does not always mean there is a UTI

Question 3

CAUTI

Answer 3

Most common hospital acquired infection
major risks are indwelling urinary catheters and the duration of it to use.

Question 4

Micturition

Answer 4

Act of passing urine involuntarily;
Occurs when the brain triggers to empty, the bladder contracts, the urinary sprinter, relaxes, and urine leaves the body through the urethra. (Peeing)

Question 5

Urinary incontinence

Answer 5

Involuntary loss of urine

Question 6

Hematuria

Answer 6

Blood found in the urine

Question 7

Proteinuria

Answer 7

The presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine; could indicate kidney damage

Question 8

Stoma

Answer 8

opening in the abdomen wall

Question 9

Ostomy

Answer 9

Surgical procedures that divert urine to the outside of the body through an opening (stoma)

Question 10

Urinary elimination process it starts at…

Answer 10

Kidneys
Uterus
Bladder
Urethra

Question 11

What do the kidneys do?

Answer 11

The kidneys, eliminate waste, produces the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) which stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells needed to carry oxygen through the body

Question 12

What does the ureters do?…

Answer 12

The tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 13

How does the urethra help in urinary elimination?

Answer 13

This tube allows urine to pass outside the body

Question 14

How does the bladder help in the urinary elimination process?

Answer 14

The bladders wall relax and expand to store, urine and contract and flatten to empty your in through the urethra

Question 15

What is urinary retention?

Answer 15

A condition where your bladder doesn’t completely empty each time you urinate

Question 16

What are the two types of urinary retention?

Answer 16

Acute retention(sudden)
Chronic retention

Question 17

What is urinary track infection and what increases the risk?

Answer 17

It is an infection in any part of the urinary system, which include the kidneys, ureters,bladder,&urethra

People at risk:
Patient with catheters
Patience with urinary retention
Patient with incontinence
Patient with poor hygiene
Urological procedures, open portals of entrance for infection

Question 18

What are the types of urinary track infections?

Answer 18

Upper:which is in the kidneys(polynephritis)
Lower: in the bladder and urethra
Asymptomatic : no symptoms of UTI

Question 19

Dysuria

Answer 19

The sensation of pain, and or burning, singing, or itching of the urethra with urination

Question 20

Transient incontinence

Answer 20

Is incontinence caused by medical conditions that in many cases are treatable and reversible

Question 21

Functional incontinence

Answer 21

Loss of continents because of causes outside the urinary track
Usually related to functional deficits such as altered mobility and manual, dexterity, cognitive impairment, poor motivation, or environmental barriers
Direct result of caregivers, not responding in a timely manner to request for help with toileting

Question 22

Urinary incontinence associated with chronic retention of urine(overflow urinary incontinence)

Answer 22

Involuntary loss of urine caused by an over distended bladder, often related to bladder outlet obstruction or poor bladder emptying because of weak or absent bladder contractions

Question 23

Stress urinary incontinence

Answer 23

Involuntary leakage of small volumes of urine associated with increased intra-domino pressure related to either urethral hypermobility or an incompetent urinary Sphincter (wake pelvic floor, muscles trauma after childbirth)
Result of weakness or injury to the urinary sphincter or pelvic floor muscles
The underlying result: urethra cannot stay closed as pressure increases in the bladder because of increase abdominal pressure (sneeze,cough,laughter)

Question 24

Urgency urinary incontinence

Answer 24

Involuntary passage of yarn, often associated with strong sense of urgency, related to an over active bladder, caused by neurological problems, bladder, inflammation, or bladder outlet obstruction
In many cases, bladder, overactivity is idol pathic; cause it is not known, caused by involuntary contractions of the bladder associated with an urge to avoid that causes leakage of urine

Question 25

What are urinary diversions?

Answer 25

Urinary diversions are constructed from a section of intestine to create a storage reservoir or conduit for urine
Diversions can be either temporary or permanent, and either continent or incontinent

Question 26

What are the two types of continent urinary diversions?

Answer 26

1. continent urinary reservoir: it is an internal pouch made from segments of the intestine can be made from the small intestine alone, large intestine, a combination of both.
2. Orthotopic neobladder: an internal urinary diversion in which a segment of the small intestine is used to form a new.(nero) reservoir for urine. The ureters are attached to the neobladder, as is the urethra, allowing voiding to be done via a natural course.

Question 27

What is a ureterostomy?

Answer 27

Is a permanent and Conant urinary diversion, created by transplanting the uterus into a crossed off part of the intestinal helium, and bringing the other end out onto the abdominal wall, forming a stoma. The patient will have no sensation or control over the continuous flow of urine through the ileal conduit, requiring the effluent(drainage) to be collected in a pouch

Question 28

Ileocecal valve

Answer 28

Create a one-way valve in the pouch, through which a catheter is inserted through the stomach to empty the urine from the pouch

Question 29

Anuria

Answer 29

Failure of the kidneys produce urine
An example is a dialysis patient

Question 30

Oliguria

Answer 30

The production of abnormally small amount of urine

Question 31

Polyuria

Answer 31

A condition where the body urinate more than usual, and passes, excessive, or abnormally large amount of urine each time you urinate

Question 32

Cystitis

Answer 32

Urine is cloudy because of bacteria and white cells

Question 33

Urgency

Answer 33

Strong abrupt often overwhelming need to urinate

Question 34

Frequency

Answer 34

Frequency of urination more than two or three hours

Question 35

Hesitancy

Answer 35

A delay in initiating urination

Question 36

Nocturia

Answer 36

As the need for patients to get up in the night on a regular basis to urinate

Question 37

Retention

Answer 37

A condition where you cannot empty all the urine from your bladder

Question 38

Routine, urinalysis collection there’s four options

Answer 38

Random
Clean catch/midstream
Sterile (catheter)
Timed

Question 39

Noninvasive diagnostic testing

Answer 39

ultrasound(Renal,bladder)
Kub (kidney, Uteter, bladder x-ray)
Computed tomography (CT) abdomen and/or pelvis
Intervenous pyelogram : iv injection of contrast with x-rays after

Question 40

Invasive diagnostic testing

Answer 40

cystoscopy

Question 41

Suprapubic

Answer 41

a type of catheter that is left in place. Rather than being inserted through your urethra, the catheter is inserted through a hole in your tummy (abdomen) and then directly into your bladder. This procedure can be done under general anaesthetic, epidural anaesthetic or local anaesthetic.

Question 42

External catheters, there are four types

Answer 42

Pure wick
Primo fit
Prima fit
Condom

Question 43

Ways to restore, bladder care

Answer 43

Pelvic floor muscle training
Bladder retraining
Toileting, schedules
Intermittent catheterization
MASD