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Fundamentals Exam 2 > Urinary Elimination > Flashcards

Urinary Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

Urinary tract order

A

Kidney > ureter > bladder > urethra

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2
Q

Foods/drinks that increase urine production

A

Alcohol, caffeine, foods rich in sodium

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3
Q

Older adults have decreased kidney function due to loss of renal tissue and nephrons (kidney filters) and reduction in blood supply, leading to..

A

Decreased urine output and production

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4
Q

The small intestines is where..

A

Nutrients from digesting food is absorbed

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5
Q

The large intestines is where…

A

Liquid is absorbed from stool

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6
Q

Alcohol, caffeine, dairy, fatty foods, fructose, spicy foods, apples, peaches, pears, artificial sweeteners increases risk for

A

Diarrhea

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7
Q

Antihypertensives, decreased fiber intake, inactivity effect….

A

Bowel movements

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8
Q

Pregnancy, nerve damage from birth, aging, and enlarged prostate can cause…

A

Urinary incontinence (UI)

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9
Q

Physical activity that increases pressure on the bladder causing urine leakage

A

Stress incontinence

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10
Q

Leaking urine before making it to the bathroom

A

Urge incontinence

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11
Q

Urine leakage as a result of nerve damage

A

Reflex incontinence

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12
Q

Incomplete bladder emptying > overfilled bladder > urine leakage

A

Overflow incontinence

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13
Q

Physical inability to reach the toilet in time

A

Functional incontinence

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14
Q

Bed wetting

A

Nocturnal enuresis

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15
Q

Prostate enlargement and cystocele (prolapsed bladder) can lead to…

A

Urinary retention

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16
Q

Fecal impaction is a complication of…

A

Constipation

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17
Q

Complication of diarrhea is…

A

Dehydration

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18
Q

Improper wiping, uncircumcised males, and males with a history of BPH are at an increased risk for

A

UTIs

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19
Q

Chlorthaildone, Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone, Indapamide

A

thiazide diuretics

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20
Q

Torsemide, Furosemide, Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretics

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21
Q

Amiloride, Triaterene, Spironolactone eplerenone

A

Potassium sparing diuretics

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22
Q

Antacids, Anticholinergic and antispasmodics (treat muscle spasms), anti seizure meds, calcium channel blockers (treat high BP), diuretics, iron supplements, anti-Parkinson’s meds, narcotics, antidepressants put you at risk for

A

Constipation

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23
Q

Antibiotics and magnesium-antacids increase _______ and put you at risk for ______

A

Gastric motility

Diarrhea

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24
Q

UTIs can lead to ____ if left untreated

A

Pyelonephritis, kidney infection

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25
Q

Cystic kidney disease, gout, hyperparathyroidism (too much calcium in the blood), frequent UTIs, diuretic use increase risk for_____

A

Kidney stones

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26
Q

Inflamed sac forms in the intestines as a result of stool being trapped is _______

A

Diverticulitis

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27
Q

Severe diverculititis can tear the intestine wall causing an infection called _______

A

Peritonitis

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28
Q

Abdominal pain and changes to bowel elimination patterns such as constipation and diarrhea is known as ______

A

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

29
Q

Disease that causes ulcerations in the small and large intestine that worsens over time

Manifestation include diarrhea with blood or pus, surgery may be required

A

Ulcerative colitis (UC)

30
Q

Inflammation of the GI tract that can lead to intestinal obstruction, fistulas (tunnels passing from one wall of the bowel to another organ), abscesses (pus filled bumps), fissures, ulcers, or inflammation elsewhere in the body

Manifestations are joint pain, painful bumps under the skin

A

Crohn’s disease

31
Q

surgical diversion that uses part of the small intestines as a pouch that connect to the ureters

A

Urostomy or ideal conduit

32
Q

Procedure that may follow after removal of kidney stones where a tube directly connects to the kidney to drain urine

A

Nephrostomy

33
Q

Urinary catheter is placed through the _________ into the _______, while a cyst onto my catheter is inserted directly into the _______

A

Urethra, bladder

Bladder

34
Q

Irrigation a colonostomy is a form of ________ and can help prevent _______

A

Bowel training, constipation

35
Q

After removing the colon and rectum, a _______ is formed to pass stool straight through the anus. An _______ is usually created in conjunction to let the procedure heal

A

J-pouch

Ileostomy

36
Q

A _______ is when an internal pouch is formed at the ileum with a valve so a catheter is needed to empty the ileum contents (continent ileostomy system)

A

Kock pouch

37
Q

_______ is known as painful urination

A

Dysuria

38
Q

Children have full bladder control by ___ to ___

A

4-5

39
Q

Pain in the urinary tract and renal colic can suppress the urge to_____

A

Urinate

40
Q

Opioids cause decreased ________ output and _______

A

Urine, constipation

41
Q

Phenozophiyridine can turn urine _____

A

Orange/red

42
Q

Amitriptyline can turn urine _____

A

Green-blue

43
Q

Levodopa can turn urine _____

A

Dark

44
Q

Riboflavin can turn urine ______

A

Bright yellow

45
Q

Noninvasive ultrasound scanner for bladder volume

A

Bedside sonography with bladder scanner

46
Q

Determine size, shape, and position of kidney, ureters, and bladder

A

X-ray

47
Q

Injection of contrast media (iodine) to view ducts, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra

A

IV pyelogram

48
Q

View renal blood flow

A

Renal scan

49
Q

View renal structures and abnormalities with high frequency sound waves

A

Renal ultrasound

50
Q

Lighted instruments to view and treat bladder and urethra

A

Cytoscopy

51
Q

Fill bladder with normal saline and compare pressure with reported sensation

A

Urodynamic testing

52
Q

_____ is a bedpan for clients who are to remain supine

A

Fracture pan

53
Q

Less than _______ for more than ______hours is concerning

A

30 mL, 2 hrs

54
Q

Use ______ to increase time between urination as a means for bladder retraining

A

Timed voiding

55
Q

Non-sterile urine specimen for ______ and sterile specimen for ________

A

Urinalysis, culture/sensitivity

56
Q

8-10 fr catheter for _____

A

Children

57
Q

14-16 fr catheter for ____

A

Women

58
Q

16-18 fr _____

A

Men

59
Q

Cleans catheter site _____ times a day

A

3

60
Q

Indwelling catheter placement or up to 48 hrs after removal risks _______ to occur

A

Catheter-associated UTI

61
Q

Urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, flank (kidney) pain, hematuria, cloudy foul-smelling urine and fever are symptoms of ______

Older adults: increased confusion, new onset incontinence, anorexia, fever, tachycardia, hypotension

A

Catheter associated UTIs

62
Q

Reversible incontinence due to inflammation (UTI), temp cognitive impairment, medications

A

Transient incontinence

63
Q

Falls, pressure injury, decreased self-image are risks associated with

A

Incontinence

64
Q

To assess renal function we test _____ and _____

*elevated levels = renal dysfunction

A

Blood creatine and BUN

65
Q

_____/_____ and ______ are antibiotics that increase sensitivity to the sun

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Ciprofloxacin

66
Q

Oxybutynin and dicyclomine decrease urinary _____ and alleviate pain from an _____ bladder

A

Urgency, overactive

67
Q

Phenazopyridine treats ______ of UTIs but not the actual ____

A

Manifestations, infection

68
Q

_______ training helps clients with a decreased cognitive ability to have a predictable urination schedule

A

Urinary habit training

Fundamentals Exam 2 (3 decks)

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